Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/burˀnāˀ

This Proto-Balto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Balto-Slavic

Etymology

Often considered to be derived from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH- (“to bore, pierce”), the “mouth” being perceived as a “hole, opening”. Cognates include Armenian բերան (beran, “mouth”), Old Norse barki (“throat, windpipe”).

If Slovak perna (“lip”) is included, then the reconstruction becomes unclear. The "b" > "p" shift in Latvian has been attributed to Finnic influence, but the change in Slovak would be unexplained.

Noun

*burˀnāˀ f[1][2]

snout

Inflection

Declension of *burˀnāˀ (ā-stem, unknown accent)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*burˀnāˀ	*burˀnāiˀ	*burˀnās
Accusative	*burˀnā⁽ˀ⁾n	*burˀnāiˀ	*burˀnā⁽ˀ⁾ns
Genitive	*burˀnā⁽ˀ⁾s	*burˀnāu⁽ˀ⁾	*burˀnōn
Locative	*burˀnāiˀ	*burˀnāu⁽ˀ⁾	*burˀnā⁽ˀ⁾su
Dative	*burˀnāi	*burˀnā⁽ˀ⁾mā⁽ˀ⁾	*burˀnā⁽ˀ⁾mas
Instrumental	*burˀnāˀn	*burˀnā⁽ˀ⁾māˀ	*burˀnā⁽ˀ⁾mīˀs
Vocative	*burˀna	*burˀnāiˀ	*burˀnās

Descendants

East Baltic:
- Latvian: pur̂ns
- Lithuanian: burnà
Proto-Slavic: *bъrna (see there for further descendants)

References

Derksen, Rick (2008), “*bъrna”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 69: “*burʔnaʔ”
Derksen, Rick (2015), “burna”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 106: “*burʔnaʔ”

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[1] Derksen, Rick (2008), “*bъrna”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 69: “*burʔnaʔ”

[2] Derksen, Rick (2015), “burna”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 106: “*burʔnaʔ”