< Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic
Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/aleti
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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *h₂életi, from the root *h₂el-.
Inflection
In Goidelic, the expected future stem was replaced by that of *ɸalnati (“to drive”). This is traditionally explained as an analogy with *ɸarnati (“to grant”).
| Thematic present, t-preterite | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *alū | *alemam | *īlāsū | *alam |
| 2nd singular | *alesi | *aletās | *īlāsesi | *als |
| 3rd singular | *aleti | *aleto | *īlāseti | *alt |
| 1st plural | *alomosi | *alemo | *īlāsomosi | *alme |
| 2nd plural | *aletesi | *alestē | *īlāsetesi | *alte |
| 3rd plural | *alonti | *alento | *īlāsonti | *alant |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *alasū | ? | — | |
| 2nd singular | *alasesi | ? | *ale | |
| 3rd singular | *alaseti | ? | *aletou | |
| 1st plural | *alasomosi | ? | *alomos | |
| 2nd plural | *alasetesi | ? | *alete | |
| 3rd plural | *alasonti | ? | *alontou | |
| Passive voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *alūr | — | *īlāsūr | — |
| 2nd singular | *aletar | — | *īlāsetar | — |
| 3rd singular | *aletor | ? | *īlāsetor | — |
| 1st plural | *alommor | — | *īlāsommor | — |
| 2nd plural | *aledwe | — | *īlāsedwe | — |
| 3rd plural | *alontor | ? | *īlāsontor | — |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *alasūr | — | — | |
| 2nd singular | *alasetar | — | — | |
| 3rd singular | *alasetor | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *alasommor | — | — | |
| 2nd plural | *alasedwe | — | — | |
| 3rd plural | *alasontor | — | — | |
| Declension of the past participle | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *altos | *altou | *altoi |
| vocative | *alte | *altou | *altūs |
| accusative | *altom | *altou | *altoms |
| genitive | *altī | *altous | *altom |
| dative | *altūi | *altobom | *altobos |
| instrumental | *altū | *altobim | *altobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *altā | *altai | *altās |
| vocative | *altā | *altai | *altās |
| accusative | *altam | *altai | *altams |
| genitive | *altās | *altous | *altom |
| dative | *altai | *altābom | *altābos |
| instrumental | *? | *altābim | *altābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *altom | *altou | *altā |
| vocative | *altom | *altou | *altā |
| accusative | *altom | *altou | *altā |
| genitive | *altī | *altous | *altom |
| dative | *altūi | *altobom | *altobos |
| instrumental | *altū | *altobim | *altobis |
Descendants
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*al-o-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 30
- Celtic Lexicon - University of Wales
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