< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þruttōną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
A zero-grade iterative to *þreutaną (“to harass, weary”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈθrut.tɔː.nɑ̃/
Inflection
The original paradigm consisted of two stem variants, singular *þrutt- against non-singular *þrut-.
Conjugation of *þruttōną (weak class 2)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *þruttō | *þruttǭ | — | *þruttōi | ? |
| 2nd singular | *þruttōsi | *þruttōs | *þruttō | *þruttōsai | *þruttōsau |
| 3rd singular | *þruttōþi | *þruttō | *þruttōþau | *þruttōþai | *þruttōþau |
| 1st dual | *þruttōs | *þruttōw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *þruttōþiz | *þruttōþiz | *þruttōþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *þruttōmaz | *þruttōm | — | *þruttōnþai | *þruttōnþau |
| 2nd plural | *þruttōþ | *þruttōþ | *þruttōþ | *þruttōnþai | *þruttōnþau |
| 3rd plural | *þruttōnþi | *þruttōn | *þruttōnþau | *þruttōnþai | *þruttōnþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *þruttōdǭ | *þruttōdēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *þruttōdēz | *þruttōdēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *þruttōdē | *þruttōdēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *þruttōdēdū | *þruttōdēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *þruttōdēdudiz | *þruttōdēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *þruttōdēdum | *þruttōdēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *þruttōdēdud | *þruttōdēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *þruttōdēdun | *þruttōdēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *þruttōndz | *þruttōdaz | |||
Related terms
Descendants
- German: trotzen (dialectal)
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
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