< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/arbiją

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃erbʰ- (“to change ownership”) (from which also *h₃órbʰos (“orphan”)).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈɑr.βi.jɑ̃/

Noun

*arbiją n[1]

  1. heritage, inheritance

Inflection
neuter ja-stemDeclension of *arbiją (neuter ja-stem)
singular plural
nominative *arbiją *arbijō
vocative *arbiją *arbijō
accusative *arbiją *arbijō
genitive *arbijas, *arbīs *arbijǫ̂
dative *arbijai *arbijamaz
instrumental *arbijō *arbijamiz

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *arbī
    • Old English: ierfe, yrfe, irfe, erfe, ærfe
      • Middle English: erve, erfe, erf, irve, yrfe (through the Anglian equivalent)
        • English: erf
        • Scots: arff, airf
    • Old Frisian: erve
    • Old Saxon: ervi
      • Low German: Arf
    • Old Dutch: ervi
    • Old High German: erbi
  • Proto-Norse: ᚨᚱᛒᛁᛃᚨ (arbija)
    • Old Norse: erfi
      • Icelandic: erfi
      • Faroese: ervi
      • Norwegian:
        • Norwegian Nynorsk: erve
      • Old Swedish: ærve
  • Gothic: 𐌰𐍂𐌱𐌹 (arbi)
  • → Proto-Finnic: *arpa (see there for further descendants)
  • → Proto-Samic: *ārpē (see there for further descendants)

References
  1. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*arbja-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 33
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