< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bēganą

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Uncertain; perhaps, related to Old Irish bág (“war”) and Old Irish bágaid (“to battle”)[1][2], which has been proposed to stem from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₁ǵʰ- (“to dispute, quarrel”)[3].

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈbɛː.ɣɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*bēganą[1]

  1. to fight, argue, quarrel

Inflection
Conjugation of *bēganą (strong class 7d)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *bēgō*bēgaų—*bēgai ?
2nd singular *bēgizi*bēgaiz*bēg*bēgazai*bēgaizau
3rd singular *bēgidi*bēgai*bēgadau*bēgadai*bēgaidau
1st dual *bēgōz*bēgaiw———
2nd dual *bēgadiz*bēgaidiz*bēgadiz——
1st plural *bēgamaz*bēgaim—*bēgandai*bēgaindau
2nd plural *bēgid*bēgaid*bēgid*bēgandai*bēgaindau
3rd plural *bēgandi*bēgain*bēgandau*bēgandai*bēgaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *bebēg*bebēgį̄
2nd singular *bebēht*bebēgīz
3rd singular *bebēg*bebēgī
1st dual *bebēgū*bebēgīw
2nd dual *bebēgudiz*bebēgīdiz
1st plural *bebēgum*bebēgīm
2nd plural *bebēgud*bebēgīd
3rd plural *bebēgun*bebēgīn
present past
participles *bēgandz*bēganaz

Descendants
  • Old Dutch:
  • Old High German: bāgan, pāgan
    • Middle High German: bāgen
      • ⇒ German: bägern
      • Bavarian: bägen
      • ⇒ Swabian: bägeren
    • → Middle French: bagarot
    • → Occitan: bagarro
  • Old Norse: bága; (bægja)
    • (Icelandic: bægja)

References
  1. Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*bēʒanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 44
  2. Pokorny, Julius (1959), “bhēgh-:bhōgh-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 115
  3. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001) Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs]‎ (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 68
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