< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/drītaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰreyd- (“to have diarrhea”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈdriː.tɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*drītaną[1][2]

  1. to defecate
  2. to urinate

Inflection
Conjugation of *drītaną (strong class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *drītō*drītaų—*drītai ?
2nd singular *drītizi*drītaiz*drīt*drītazai*drītaizau
3rd singular *drītidi*drītai*drītadau*drītadai*drītaidau
1st dual *drītōz*drītaiw———
2nd dual *drītadiz*drītaidiz*drītadiz——
1st plural *drītamaz*drītaim—*drītandai*drītaindau
2nd plural *drītid*drītaid*drītid*drītandai*drītaindau
3rd plural *drītandi*drītain*drītandau*drītandai*drītaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *drait*dritį̄
2nd singular *draist*dritīz
3rd singular *drait*dritī
1st dual *dritū*dritīw
2nd dual *dritudiz*dritīdiz
1st plural *dritum*dritīm
2nd plural *dritud*dritīd
3rd plural *dritun*dritīn
present past
participles *drītandz*dritanaz

Derived terms
  • *draitijaną

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *drītan
    • Old English: drītan
    • Old Frisian: drīta
    • Old Saxon: *drītan
    • Old Dutch: *drītan
    • Old High German: trīzan; *drīzan
  • Old Norse: dríta
    • Icelandic: dríta
    • Faroese: dríta
    • Norwegian Nynorsk: drita
    • Norwegian Bokmål: drite
    • Elfdalian: dritå, draita
    • Swedish: drita[3] (dialectal (1862), not necessarily still used)
    • Danish: dritte[4] (dialectal, obsolete in common language)

References
  1. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*drītan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 104
  2. Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*drītanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 76
  3. drita in Johan Ernst Rietz, Svenskt dialektlexikon (1862–1867)
  4. “dritte” in Ordbog over det danske Sprog
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