< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/flakkōną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɸlɑk.kɔː.nɑ̃/
Etymology 1
From Pre-Germanic *plh₂knéh₂-, an iterative formation to *flōkaną (“to slap, mourn”).
Inflection
The original paradigm consisted of two stem variants, singular *flakk- against non-singular *flag-.
Conjugation of *flakkōną (weak class 2)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *flakkō | *flakkǭ | — | *flakkōi | ? |
| 2nd singular | *flakkōsi | *flakkōs | *flakkō | *flakkōsai | *flakkōsau |
| 3rd singular | *flakkōþi | *flakkō | *flakkōþau | *flakkōþai | *flakkōþau |
| 1st dual | *flakkōs | *flakkōw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *flakkōþiz | *flakkōþiz | *flakkōþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *flakkōmaz | *flakkōm | — | *flakkōnþai | *flakkōnþau |
| 2nd plural | *flakkōþ | *flakkōþ | *flakkōþ | *flakkōnþai | *flakkōnþau |
| 3rd plural | *flakkōnþi | *flakkōn | *flakkōnþau | *flakkōnþai | *flakkōnþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *flakkōdǭ | *flakkōdēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *flakkōdēz | *flakkōdēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *flakkōdē | *flakkōdēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *flakkōdēdū | *flakkōdēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *flakkōdēdudiz | *flakkōdēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *flakkōdēdum | *flakkōdēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *flakkōdēdud | *flakkōdēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *flakkōdēdun | *flakkōdēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *flakkōndz | *flakkōdaz | |||
Descendants
Etymology 2
Considered by Kroonen to be a secondary o-grade iterative formation to zero-grade *flukkōną (“to fly”), from *fleuganą (“to fly”).
Inflection
The original paradigm consisted of two stem variants, singular *flakk- against non-singular *flag-.
Conjugation of *flakkōną (weak class 2)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *flakkō | *flakkǭ | — | *flakkōi | ? |
| 2nd singular | *flakkōsi | *flakkōs | *flakkō | *flakkōsai | *flakkōsau |
| 3rd singular | *flakkōþi | *flakkō | *flakkōþau | *flakkōþai | *flakkōþau |
| 1st dual | *flakkōs | *flakkōw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *flakkōþiz | *flakkōþiz | *flakkōþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *flakkōmaz | *flakkōm | — | *flakkōnþai | *flakkōnþau |
| 2nd plural | *flakkōþ | *flakkōþ | *flakkōþ | *flakkōnþai | *flakkōnþau |
| 3rd plural | *flakkōnþi | *flakkōn | *flakkōnþau | *flakkōnþai | *flakkōnþau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *flakkōdǭ | *flakkōdēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *flakkōdēz | *flakkōdēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *flakkōdē | *flakkōdēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *flakkōdēdū | *flakkōdēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *flakkōdēdudiz | *flakkōdēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *flakkōdēdum | *flakkōdēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *flakkōdēdud | *flakkōdēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *flakkōdēdun | *flakkōdēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *flakkōndz | *flakkōdaz | |||
Related terms
- *flagǭ
- *flakuraz
- *flakurōną
- *flakutjaną
Descendants
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
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