Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/fra-

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *pro- (“before, in front of”). Cognate with Ancient Greek πρό- (pró-, “in front of”).

Prefix

*fra-

off, away
completely, fully, up

Derived terms

Proto-Germanic terms prefixed with *fra-

Descendants

All descendants except Gothic have merged the prefixes *fra-, *furi- and *firi-.

Proto-West Germanic: *fra-, *far-, *fur-, *fir-
- Old English: for-, fer-, fær-, fier-
  - Middle English: for-, far-, fer-, vor-
    - English: for-
    - Scots: for-
- Old Frisian: for-
  - Saterland Frisian: fer-
  - West Frisian: for-, fer-
- Old Saxon: far-, fir-; for-
  - Middle Low German: vor-
    - Low German: for-, ver-
- Old Dutch: far-, for-, fer-
  - Middle Dutch: ver-
    - Dutch: ver-
- Old High German: far-, fir-
  - Middle High German: ver-
    - German: ver-
    - Yiddish: פֿאַר־‎ (far-)
Old Norse: for-, fyr-, fir-
- Icelandic: for-
- Norwegian: for-
- Swedish: för-
- Danish: for-
Gothic: 𐍆𐍂𐌰- (fra-)

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