Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/frawjǭ

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

A feminine form of *frawjô (“lord”), from Proto-Indo-European *proHwo-, a derivation from *per- (“to go forward”). The Indo-European root is also the source of Proto-Slavic *pravъ (whence Old Church Slavonic правъ (pravŭ), Russian пра́вый (právyj, “right”)).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈɸrɑw.jɔ̃ː/

Noun

*frawjǭ f

lady, wife of a lord (woman of high standing)

Inflection

ōn-stemDeclension of *frawjǭ (ōn-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*frawjǭ	*frawjōniz
vocative	*frawjǭ	*frawjōniz
accusative	*frawjōnų	*frawjōnunz
genitive	*frawjōniz	*frawjōnǫ̂
dative	*frawjōni	*frawjōmaz
instrumental	*frawjōnē	*frawjōmiz

Related terms

Descendants

Old English: frēo, frōwe (< *frōwǭ, *fruwwǭ, or borrowed)
Old Frisian: frowe, frouwe
- West Frisian: frou
Old Saxon: frūa
- Middle Low German: vrûwe, vrouwe
  - German Low German: Froo
  - Plautdietsch: Fru, Frü
  - → Finnish: rouva
- → Old Norse: frú, frúa, frúva
  - Icelandic: frú
  - Faroese: frúgv, frú
  - Norwegian: fru, frue
  - Swedish: fru, fruga
  - Danish: frue, fru
Old Dutch: *frouwa
- Middle Dutch: vrouwe
  - Dutch: vrouwe (“lady”), vrouw (“woman”)
    - Afrikaans: vrou
    - Negerhollands: vro, vrou, frou, fru, vrow
      - → Virgin Islands Creole: fru (dated)
    - → Aukan: folow
    - → English: vrouw
    - → Sranan Tongo: frow
  - Limburgish: vrówwe, vrów
  - → English: frow
Old High German: frouwa
- Middle High German: vrouwe, vrowe
  - Alemannic German: Frau
    Alsatian: Fràui, Fràù, Frài, Froi, Fròi, Fraù, Frœy, Fráw, Frá
    Walser: frou
  - Bavarian: Frau
    Cimbrian: brau
  - Central Franconian:
    Hunsrik: Fraa
  - East Central German:
    Silesian German: Froo
  - German: Frau, Fr.; Fraue; Fraw, Frawe
    - Unserdeutsch: Frau
    - → English: frau
    - → Russian: фра́у (fráu)
  - Luxembourgish: Fra
  - Rhine Franconian: Fra
    Pennsylvania German: Fra
    Palatine German: Fraa
  - Vilamovian: fraoj
  - Yiddish: פֿרוי‎ (froy)
Old Norse: freyja
- Icelandic: freyja
- Old Swedish: -prea
- ⇒ Old Norse: Freyja (given name)
  - Icelandic: Freyja
  - Faroese: Froya
  - Norwegian: Frøya
  - Danish: Freja
  - Swedish: Freja, Fröja
  - → English: Freya

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