< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hrōzijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *hrōzaz +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈxrɔː.zi.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*hrōzijaną[1][2]

  1. to stir

Inflection
Conjugation of *hrōzijaną (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hrōzijō*hrōzijaų—*hrōzijai ?
2nd singular *hrōzīsi*hrōzijais*hrōzī*hrōzijasai*hrōzijaisau
3rd singular *hrōzīþi*hrōzijai*hrōzijaþau*hrōzijaþai*hrōzijaiþau
1st dual *hrōzijōs*hrōzijaiw———
2nd dual *hrōzijaþiz*hrōzijaiþiz*hrōzijaþiz——
1st plural *hrōzijamaz*hrōzijaim—*hrōzijanþai*hrōzijainþau
2nd plural *hrōzīþ*hrōzijaiþ*hrōzīþ*hrōzijanþai*hrōzijainþau
3rd plural *hrōzijanþi*hrōzijain*hrōzijanþau*hrōzijanþai*hrōzijainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hrōzidǭ*hrōzidēdį̄
2nd singular *hrōzidēz*hrōzidēdīz
3rd singular *hrōzidē*hrōzidēdī
1st dual *hrōzidēdū*hrōzidēdīw
2nd dual *hrōzidēdudiz*hrōzidēdīdiz
1st plural *hrōzidēdum*hrōzidēdīm
2nd plural *hrōzidēdud*hrōzidēdīd
3rd plural *hrōzidēdun*hrōzidēdīn
present past
participles *hrōzijandz*hrōzidaz

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *hrōʀijan
    • Old English: hrēran
      • Middle English: rēren; (rōrien)
        • English: rear (“to move; stir”)
    • Old Frisian: hrēra
      • Saterland Frisian: ríere
      • West Frisian: riere, reare
    • Old Saxon: hrōrian
      • Middle Low German: rôren
    • Old Dutch: *ruoren (in irruoran)
    • Old High German: hruorjan, ruoren
      • Middle High German: ruoren, rüeren
  • Old Norse: hrǿra

References
  1. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*hrōzjan”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 250
  2. Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*xrōzjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 189
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.