< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kaldāną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkɑl.dɑː.nɑ̃/
Inflection
Conjugation of *kaldāną (weak class 3)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *kaldō | ? | — | ? | ? |
| 2nd singular | *kaldaisi | ? | *kaldai | *kaldāsai | ? |
| 3rd singular | *kaldaiþi | ? | *kaldāþau | *kaldāþai | ? |
| 1st dual | *kaldōs | ? | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *kaldāþiz | ? | *kaldāþiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *kaldāmaz | ? | — | *kaldānþai | ? |
| 2nd plural | *kaldaiþ | ? | *kaldaiþ | *kaldānþai | ? |
| 3rd plural | *kaldānþi | ? | *kaldānþau | *kaldānþai | ? |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *kaldadǭ | *kaldadēdį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *kaldadēz | *kaldadēdīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *kaldadē | *kaldadēdī | |||
| 1st dual | *kaldadēdū | *kaldadēdīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *kaldadēdudiz | *kaldadēdīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *kaldadēdum | *kaldadēdīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *kaldadēdud | *kaldadēdīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *kaldadēdun | *kaldadēdīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *kaldāndz | *kaldadaz | |||
Descendants
References
- Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*kaldēnan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 209
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