< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/karilaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms
  • *karlaz, *kerlaz[1]

Etymology

A diminutive of *karaz (but a Proto-Indo-European l-stem according to Kroonen 2013[1]). Probably from Proto-Indo-European *ǵerh₂- (“to become old, to grow”) and related to Ancient Greek γέρων (gérōn), Sanskrit जरन्त (jaranta), Old Armenian ծեր (cer), Avestan 𐬀𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬴𐬀𐬥𐬙-‎ (azarəṣ̌ant-), Tocharian A kwär-, Tocharian B kwär-, Hittite [script needed] (karu).[2] [3]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈkɑ.ri.lɑz/

Noun

*karilaz m

  1. free man
  2. little man, young man

Inflection
masculine a-stemDeclension of *karilaz (masculine a-stem)
singular plural
nominative *karilaz *karilōz, *karilōs
vocative *karil *karilōz, *karilōs
accusative *karilą *karilanz
genitive *karilas, *karilis *karilǫ̂
dative *karilai *karilamaz
instrumental *karilō *karilamiz

Descendants

Some descendants seem to indicate that the word lost its middle syllable (*karlaz), a common change across the Germanic languages.[3]

See also

References
  1. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*kerla- ~ *karla-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 285: “nom. *ǵérh₂-ōl, gen. *ǵrh₂-l-ós, acc. *ǵorh₂-él-m”
  2. Philippa, Marlies; Debrabandere, Frans; Quak, Arend; Schoonheim, Tanneke; van der Sijs, Nicoline (2003–2009) Etymologisch woordenboek van het Nederlands (in Dutch), Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press
  3. de Vries, J. Nederlandsch Etymologisch Woordenboek. 1971.
  4. Oudnederlands Woordenboek.
  5. Wörterbuch der Ostfriesischen Sprache. ten Doornkaat Koolman, J. 1879. 199th page.
  6. The Journal of English and Germanic Philology. Volume II. 237th page.
  7. Antiqvarisk Tidskrift för Sverige. Tionde Delen. 1887-1891. 305th page.
  8. Pfaff, Judith (2018). Nordic Names. Web.
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