< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kwistijaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *kwistiz +‎ *-janą.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈkʷis.ti.jɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb

*kwistijaną[1][2]

  1. to destroy

Inflection
Conjugation of *kwistijaną (weak class 1)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *kwistijō*kwistijaų—*kwistijai ?
2nd singular *kwistīsi*kwistijais*kwistī*kwistijasai*kwistijaisau
3rd singular *kwistīþi*kwistijai*kwistijaþau*kwistijaþai*kwistijaiþau
1st dual *kwistijōs*kwistijaiw———
2nd dual *kwistijaþiz*kwistijaiþiz*kwistijaþiz——
1st plural *kwistijamaz*kwistijaim—*kwistijanþai*kwistijainþau
2nd plural *kwistīþ*kwistijaiþ*kwistīþ*kwistijanþai*kwistijainþau
3rd plural *kwistijanþi*kwistijain*kwistijanþau*kwistijanþai*kwistijainþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *kwistidǭ*kwistidēdį̄
2nd singular *kwistidēz*kwistidēdīz
3rd singular *kwistidē*kwistidēdī
1st dual *kwistidēdū*kwistidēdīw
2nd dual *kwistidēdudiz*kwistidēdīdiz
1st plural *kwistidēdum*kwistidēdīm
2nd plural *kwistidēdud*kwistidēdīd
3rd plural *kwistidēdun*kwistidēdīn
present past
participles *kwistijandz*kwistidaz

Descendants
  • Proto-West Germanic: *kwistijan
    • Old Saxon: *quisten
      • Middle Low German: quisten
    • Old Dutch: *quisten
      • Middle Dutch: quisten
        • Dutch: kwisten
    • Old High German: *quisten
      • ⇒ Old High German: firquisten
      • ⇒ Old High German: irquisten
  • Old Norse:
    • Danish: quista (dialectal)
  • Gothic: 𐌵𐌹𐍃𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (qistjan)

References
  1. Orel, Vladimir (2003), “*kwestjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 229
  2. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*kwisti-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 320: “*kwestjan-”
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