< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/seukaną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
Uncertain. Assuming that Proto-Germanic *seuk- is back-formed from the zero-grade in *sukkōną, Kroonen reconstructs a pre-Germanic *sk-néh₂- and compares Latin sēgnis (“lazy, slow”), Ancient Greek ἦκα (êka, “quietly, slowly”), and Old Irish socht (“silence”),[1] but a precise Proto-Indo-European root for these words is lacking.
Pokorny suggests Proto-Indo-European *sewg-, *sēwg- (“ill, grievous, sad”),[2] also adding Old Armenian հիւծանիմ (hiwcanim, “to waste away, wither”), but Kroonen rejects comparisons with the Armenian word.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈseu̯.kɑ.nɑ̃/
Inflection
Conjugation of *seukaną (strong class 2)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *seukō | *seukaų | — | *seukai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *siukizi | *seukaiz | *seuk | *seukazai | *seukaizau |
| 3rd singular | *siukidi | *seukai | *seukadau | *seukadai | *seukaidau |
| 1st dual | *seukōz | *seukaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *seukadiz | *seukaidiz | *seukadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *seukamaz | *seukaim | — | *seukandai | *seukaindau |
| 2nd plural | *siukid | *seukaid | *siukid | *seukandai | *seukaindau |
| 3rd plural | *seukandi | *seukain | *seukandau | *seukandai | *seukaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *sauk | *sukį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *sauht | *sukīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *sauk | *sukī | |||
| 1st dual | *sukū | *sukīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *sukudiz | *sukīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *sukum | *sukīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *sukud | *sukīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *sukun | *sukīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *seukandz | *sukanaz | |||
Related terms
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*suk(k)ōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 491
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 915
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*seukan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 434
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