< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/gleh₁y-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative reconstructions

Etymology

Possibly an extended form of *gleh₁- (“ball, lump (of earth)”).

Pokorny tentatively derives it from *gel- (“to roll up together, into a ball; round object”).

Root

*gleh₁y-[1][3][2]

  1. to smear, putty
  2. to stick, glue

Extensions

Derived terms
Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gleh₁y-
  • *gléh₁i-ti (athematic root present)[4]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gléiˀtei
      • Lithuanian: gliejù, gliēti (“to smear, putty”)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gráHiti
      • Proto-Iranian: *gráHitī
        • Khwarezmian: [script needed] (γrcy-, “to roll; to smear with clay”)
  • *gl̥h₁i-néh₂-ti ~ *gl̥h₁i-nh₂-énti (*néh₂-present)[1][3][5]
    • Proto-Celtic: *glinati (“to glue”)[1][6]
      • Proto-Brythonic:
        • Middle Breton: englenaff
        • Middle Welsh: glynu
        • Cornish: glena
      • Old Irish: glenaid
    • Proto-Germanic: *klinaną (“to smear, stick”)[7]
      • Old High German: klenan
        • Middle High German: klenen
  • *gléh₁i-neh₂[5][8]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gléiˀnāˀ (“clay”)[9] (see there for further descendants)
  • *gléh₁y-n̥ ~ *gl̥h₁y-én-s[5]
  • *gleh₁i-wéh₂[7][10]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gléiˀwāˀ (“slime, fungus”)[11]
      • Latvian: glīve
      • Lithuanian: gleīvės
      • Proto-Slavic: *glìva (“fungus”)[10] (see there for further descendants)
      • → Proto-Finnic: *liiva (“slime”)
    • Proto-Germanic: *klīwō[7]
      • Old High German: klīwa, klīa, klīga
        • Middle High German: klīwe, klīe
          • German: Kleie (“bran”)
  • *gléh₁y-o-s
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *gráHyas
      • Proto-Iranian: *gráHyah[12]
        • Shughni: [script needed] (jiray, “pottery clay”)
        • Yidgha: [script needed] (γuroi, “clay, earth, mud”)
  • *gl̥h₁í-h₂
    • Proto-Hellenic:
      • Ancient Greek: γλία (glía, “glue”)
  • *gl̥h₁y-ó-s[13]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
      • Proto-Slavic: *glьjь (“clay, loam”)[1][13] (see there for further descendants)
  • *gl̥h₁i-t-tó-s[14]
    • Proto-Italic: *glittos
      • Latin: glittus (“sticky, cohesive”)
  • *gl̥h₁i-t-us
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *glitus
      • Latvian: glits, glîts (“slippery”)
      • Lithuanian: glitùs (“sticky”), (dialectal) glytùs
  • *gl̥h₁i-yó-s
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *grHiyás
      • Proto-Iranian: *grHiyáh[15][12]
        • Khwarezmian: [script needed] (γг’h, “clay, dirt”)
        • Khotanese: [script needed] (grīha-)
        • Sogdian: [script needed] (γг’у, “mud, clay, pottery”)
  • *glóh₁i-mo-s[14]
    • Proto-Germanic: *klaimaz (“clay, mortar”)[7] (see there for further descendants)
      • ⇒ Proto-Germanic: *klaimijaną (“to smear with clay, mortar”)[7]
        • Old English: clǣman
          • Middle English: clemen
            • English: cleam
        • Old Dutch: *klēmen
        • Old High German: kleimen
        • Old Norse:
          • Faroese: kleima
          • Elfdalian: kliema
  • *gloh₁i-ni-s[16]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gláiˀnis
      • Proto-Slavic: *glěnь (“clay, loam”)[16] (see there for further descendants)
  • *glóh₁i-t-n̥ ~ *gl̥h₁y-t-én-s (“slime, glue”)[14]
    • Proto-Italic: *gloiten (“clay, mortar”)[14]
      • Latin: glūten (see there for further descendants)
  • *glóh₁i-to-m
    • Proto-Germanic: *klaiþą (see there for further descendants)
  • *gloh₁i-wó-s (“sticky; sticky substance”)[2][17][5][18]
    • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *gláiˀwa
      • Proto-Slavic: *glěvъ (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Hellenic:
      • Ancient Greek: γλοιός (gloiós) (< earlier *γλοιϝός (*gloiwós) or *γλοιι̯ός (*gloii̯ós) (for which see below))[1][5]
  • *gloh₁i-y-ó-s[7]
    • Proto-Germanic: *klajjaz (“clay”)[1][7] (or from *gloh₁i-wó-s above) (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-West Germanic: *klaij (“clay”)
  • Unsorted formations:
    • Proto-Albanian: *gleitja (< *gley-t-y-)
      • ⇒ Proto-Albanian: *en-gleitja[19]
        • Albanian: ngjis (“to stick to, glue”)
    • Proto-Albanian: *glitja
      • ⇒ Proto-Albanian: *en-glitja
    • Proto-Anatolian:
      • Lydian: 𐤨𐤷𐤦𐤣𐤠‎ (kλida, “earth”) (probably)
    • >? Proto-Armenian:
    • Proto-Germanic: *klainijaz, *klainiz (“*shiny > fine, clean, splendid”)[20] (see there for further descendants)

See also

References
  1. Pokorny, Julius (1959), “glei”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 362–364
  2. Fick, August (1890–1909) Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), 4th edition, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
  3. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*glei̯H-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 190
  4. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*glieti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 183: “*gleh₁i-”
  5. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 276-277: “*γλοιϝός”
  6. Delamarre, Xavier (2003), “*gli-na-”, in Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise: une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental [Dictionary of the Gaulish language: A linguistic approach to Old Continental Celtic] (Collection des Hespérides; 9), 2nd edition, Éditions Errance, →ISBN, page 160
  7. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*klajja-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 291-292: “*gloi-(i)o-”
  9. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*glìna”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, [https://archive.org/details/etymological-dictionary-of-the-slavic-inherited-lexicon/page/
    • gléˀināˀ?view=theater page *gléˀināˀ]
  10. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*glìva”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 182
  11. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*glìna”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, [https://archive.org/details/etymological-dictionary-of-the-slavic-inherited-lexicon/page/
    • gléˀināˀ?view=theater page *gléˀināˀ]
  12. Rastorgujeva, V. S.; Edelʹman, D. I. (2000–), “*1grai- : gri-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 283-284
  13. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*glьjь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 168
  14. De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “glūten”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 266-267: “*gloiten-”
  15. Gharib, B. (1995), “ɣг’у”, in Sogdian dictionary: Sogdian–Persian–English, Tehran: Farhangan Publications, page 167: “*griya”
  16. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*glĕnь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 163
  17. Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world, Oxford University Press, page 122: “*gloiwos ‘clay’”
  18. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*glěvъ; *glěvь; *glěva”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 163
  19. Orel, Vladimir (1998), “page”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN
  20. Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*klainja-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 290
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.