< Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European

Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/wi

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Adverb

*wi

  1. apart, asunder
  2. away from, against

Derived terms
  • *wí-noh₁ (innovative instrumental form)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wínaH
      • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wínaH
        • Sanskrit: विना (vínā, “without, except”) (see there for further descendants)
  • *no-wi (with *ne)
    • Anatolian:
      • Hittite: [script needed] (nawi, “not yet”)
  • *wíteros (with *-teros)
    • Proto-Germanic: *wiþeraz
      • ⇒ Proto-Germanic: *wiþrą (see there for further descendants)
    • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wítaras
      • Proto-Indo-European: *wítaras
        • Sanskrit: वितर (vitara, “far away”)
      • Proto-Iranian: *wítarah
        • Avestan: 𐬬𐬍𐬙𐬀𐬭𐬀‎ (vītara, “both sides; far away; lateral”)
    • Proto-Slavic: *vъtorъ (possibly)

Descendants
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *wí
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *wí
      • Sanskrit: वि (ví, “apart, asunder, through”)
    • Proto-Iranian: *wí
      • Avestan: 𐬬𐬍‎ (vī, “separate, apart, asunder, through”)
      • Khotanese: [script needed] (bi-), [script needed] (gva-)
      • Bactrian: οι- (oi- /wi-/)
      • Khwarezmian: وـ‎ (w- /*wi-/)
      • Sogdian: (/wi-/)
        Sogdian: [script needed] (w-), [script needed] (wy-)
        Manichaean: 𐫇-‎ (w-), 𐫇𐫏-‎ (wy-)
        Syriac: ܘ-‎ (w-), ܘܝ-‎ (wy-)
      • Parthian: (/wi-/, “apart”)
        Inscriptional Parthian: 𐭅𐭉-‎ (wy-), 𐭅-‎ (w-)
        Manichaean: 𐫇𐫏-‎ (wy-)
      • Old Persian: 𐎻𐎡 (vi-i /vi-/)
        • Middle Persian: (/wi-/, “apart”)
          Manichaean: 𐫇𐫏-‎ (wy-)
          Inscriptional Pahlavi: 𐭥𐭩-‎ (wy-), 𐭥-‎ (w-)
          Book Pahlavi: [Book Pahlavi needed] (wy-), [Book Pahlavi needed] (w-)
          Psalter Pahlavi: 𐮅𐮈-‎ (wy-), 𐮅-‎ (w-)
          Pazend: 𐬬𐬀-‎ (va-)
          • Classical Persian: گـ‎ (/gu-/), وـ‎ (wi-), بـ‎ (bi-)
            Iranian Persian: گـ‎ (/go-/, “revived prefix as "dis-"”)

See also
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