< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vъtorъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
| ← 1 | 2 | 3 → |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal: *dъva Ordinal: *vъtorъ Adverbial: *dъva šьdy, *dъvojьťi, *dъva kortь Multiplier: *dъvojakъ, *dъvojьnъ, *dъva kortьnъ, *dъvogubъ Collective: *dъvojь Fractional: *polъ, *polovina | ||
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *(h₁)witoros. Cognate with Sanskrit वितरम् (vitarám, “again, further”), Avestan 𐬬𐬍𐬙𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬨 (vītarəm, “further”).
Alternatively, from an older *vъntorъ (where the first part comes from Proto-Slavic *vъn), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ántaras, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énteros. In this case, cognate with Latvian otrs, Lithuanian añtras, añtaras (dialectal), Old Prussian antars.
Declension
Indefinite declension of *vъtorъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *vъtorъ | *vъtora | *vъtoro |
| Accusative | *vъtorъ | *vъtorǫ | *vъtoro |
| Genitive | *vъtora | *vъtory | *vъtora |
| Locative | *vъtorě | *vъtorě | *vъtorě |
| Dative | *vъtoru | *vъtorě | *vъtoru |
| Instrumental | *vъtoromь | *vъtorojǫ | *vъtoromь |
| Vocative | *vъtore | *vъtoro | *vъtoro |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *vъtora | *vъtorě | *vъtorě |
| Accusative | *vъtora | *vъtorě | *vъtorě |
| Genitive | *vъtoru | *vъtoru | *vъtoru |
| Locative | *vъtoru | *vъtoru | *vъtoru |
| Dative | *vъtoroma | *vъtorama | *vъtoroma |
| Instrumental | *vъtoroma | *vъtorama | *vъtoroma |
| Vocative | *vъtora | *vъtorě | *vъtorě |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *vъtori | *vъtory | *vъtora |
| Accusative | *vъtory | *vъtory | *vъtora |
| Genitive | *vъtorъ | *vъtorъ | *vъtorъ |
| Locative | *vъtorěxъ | *vъtoraxъ | *vъtorěxъ |
| Dative | *vъtoromъ | *vъtoramъ | *vъtoromъ |
| Instrumental | *vъtory | *vъtorami | *vъtory |
| Vocative | *vъtori | *vъtory | *vъtora |
Definite declension of *vъtorъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *vъtorъjь | *vъtoraja | *vъtoroje |
| Accusative | *vъtorъjь | *vъtorǫjǫ | *vъtoroje |
| Genitive | *vъtorajego | *vъtoryję | *vъtorajego |
| Locative | *vъtorějemь | *vъtorěji | *vъtorějemь |
| Dative | *vъtorujemu | *vъtorěji | *vъtorujemu |
| Instrumental | *vъtoryjimi | *vъtorǫjǫ | *vъtoryjimi |
| Vocative | *vъtorъjь | *vъtoraja | *vъtoroje |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *vъtoraja | *vъtorěji | *vъtorěji |
| Accusative | *vъtoraja | *vъtorěji | *vъtorěji |
| Genitive | *vъtoruju | *vъtoruju | *vъtoruju |
| Locative | *vъtoruju | *vъtoruju | *vъtoruju |
| Dative | *vъtoryjima | *vъtoryjima | *vъtoryjima |
| Instrumental | *vъtoryjima | *vъtoryjima | *vъtoryjima |
| Vocative | *vъtoraja | *vъtorěji | *vъtorěji |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *vъtoriji | *vъtoryję | *vъtoraja |
| Accusative | *vъtoryję | *vъtoryję | *vъtoraja |
| Genitive | *vъtorъjixъ | *vъtorъjixъ | *vъtorъjixъ |
| Locative | *vъtoryjixъ | *vъtoryjixъ | *vъtoryjixъ |
| Dative | *vъtoryjimъ | *vъtoryjimъ | *vъtoryjimъ |
| Instrumental | *vъtoryjimi | *vъtoryjimi | *vъtoryjimi |
| Vocative | *vъtoriji | *vъtoryję | *vъtoraja |
Derived terms
- *vъtorьnikъ (“Tuesday”)
- *vъtorъkъ (“Tuesday”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: въторꙑи (vŭtoryj)
- ⇒ Belarusian: паўтара́ць (paŭtarácʹ)
- Russian: второ́й (vtorój)
- Ukrainian: вто́рий (vtóryj)
- Old East Slavic: въторꙑи (vŭtoryj)
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 532
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “второ́й”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
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