< Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/duš-

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *duš-, from Proto-Indo-European *dus-.

Prefix

*duš-[1]

  1. bad
    Antonym: *Hhu-

Derived terms
Proto-Iranian terms prefixed with *duš-

Descendants
  • Central Iranian
    • Avestan: 𐬛𐬎𐬱-‎ (duš-), 𐬛𐬎𐬲-‎ (duž-)
  • Northestern Iranian:
    • Khotanese: [script needed] (duṣ-)
    • Sogdo-Bactrian:
      • Bactrian: λρου- (lrou-), δρου- (drou-)
  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Kurdish:
      Central Kurdish: دژ-‎ (dij-)
      Northern Kurdish: dij-, duj-
      Southern Kurdish: دژ-‎ (dij-), دش-‎ (diş-)
    • Proto-Medo-Parthian:
      • Parthian: (/duž-, dōž-; diž-/)
        Manichaean: 𐫅𐫇𐫋‎ (dwj), 𐫅𐫏𐫋‎ (dyj)
        • → Old Armenian: դժ- (dž-)
        • → Middle Persian: (/duž/)
          Manichaean: 𐫅𐫇𐫋‎ (dwj)
          • → Classical Persian: دژ-‎ (duž-)
      • Proto-Zaza-Gorani:
  • Southwestern Iranian:
    • Old Persian: 𐎯𐏁- (duš-)
      • Middle Persian: (/duš-/)
        Manichaean: 𐫅𐫇𐫢‎ (dwš)
        Book Pahlavi: [Book Pahlavi needed] (dwš)
        Inscriptional Pahlavi: 𐭣𐭥𐭱‎ (dʿš)
        • Classical Persian: دش‎ (duš-)
          Dari: دش‎ (duš-)
          Iranian Persian: دش‎ (doš-)
          Tajik: душ- (duš-)

References
  1. Rastorgujeva, V. S.; Edelʹman, D. I. (2000), “*¹dauš-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 410-419
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