< Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian

Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/náwah

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *náwas from Proto-Indo-European *néwos.

Adjective

*náwah

  1. new

Derived terms
  • Proto-Iranian: *náwākah
    • Sogdian: (/nawāk(u)/)
      Sogdian: [script needed] (nwʾk), [script needed] (nwʾkw)
      Syriac: ܢܘܐݎ‎ (nwʾk), ܢܘܐݎܘ‎ (nwʾkw)
    • Parthian: (/nawāg/)
      Manichaean: 𐫗𐫇𐫀𐫃‎ (nwʾg)

Descendants
  • Central Iranian:
  • Northeastern Iranian:
    • Proto-Scythian: [Term?]
    • Proto-Saka-Wakhi: [Term?]
      • Khotanese: [script needed] (navaka), [script needed] (nūvara)
    • Sogdo-Bactrian:
      • Bactrian: νωγο (nōgo /nōg/), ναγο (nago /nag/)
      • Khwarezmian: انوک‎ (ʾnwk /*ənōk/), نوڅ‎ (nwc /*nōc, *nawac/), نوک‎ (nwk /*nōk, *nawak/), نویک‎ (nwyk /*nawē(k)/)
      • Proto-Sogdic:
        • Sogdian: (/nawē, nōč/)
          Sogdian: [script needed] (nwʾy), [script needed] (nwyh), [script needed] (nwc)
          Manichaean: 𐫗𐫇𐫏𐫏‎ (nwyy)
          Syriac: ܢܘܐܝ‎ (nwʾy), ܢܘܝܗ‎ (nwyh), ܢܘܨ‎ (nwc)
        • Yagnobi: нава (nava)
  • Southeastern Iranian:
    • Pashto: نوی‎ (në́vay, návay)
  • Northwestern Iranian:
    • Baluchi: نوک‎ (nōk) (> *navaka)
    • Kurdish:
      Central Kurdish: نوێ‎ (nwê /niwē/)
      Northern Kurdish: nû (/nū/)
      Southern Kurdish: نۊ‎ (nü /nü/)
    • Proto-Medo-Parthian: [Term?]
      • Caspian:
        • Gilaki: نو‎ (no)
        • Mazanderani: نو‎ (nu)
      • Parthian: (/nōg ~ *nawag/) (> *navaka)
        Inscriptional Parthian: 𐭍𐭅𐭊‎ (nwk)
        • → Old Armenian: նաւա- (nawa-) (e.g.:նաւա-կատիք (nawa-katikʿ), նաւա-սարդ (nawa-sard))
      • Zaza-Gorani:
        • Gurani: نۆ‎ (no /nō/)
        • Zazaki: newe (/nawa/)
  • Southwestern Iranian:
    • Old Persian: 𐎴𐎺 (n-v /*nava/)
      • Middle Persian: (/nōg/) (> *navaka)
        Inscriptional Pahlavi: 𐭭𐭥𐭪𐭩‎ (nwky)
        Book Pahlavi: [Book Pahlavi needed] (nwk')
        Manichaean: 𐫗𐫇𐫃‎ (nwg)
        • Classical Persian: نو‎ (naw)
          Dari: نو‎ (naw)
          Iranian Persian: نو‎ (now)
          Tajik: нав (nav)
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