< Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic
Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/ʕaṯ̣m-
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This Proto-Semitic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Semitic
Inflection
Masculine:
Declension of *ʕaṯ̣m-
| Case | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *ʕaṯ̣mum | *ʕaṯ̣māna | plural stem + *-ūna | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Genitive | *ʕaṯ̣mim | *ʕaṯ̣mayna | plural stem + *-īna | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accusative | *ʕaṯ̣mam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| possessive forms | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1st person | *ʕaṯ̣mī / *ʕaṯ̣mVya | — | *ʕaṯ̣mVni | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person m | *ʕaṯ̣mVka | *ʕaṯ̣mVkumā / *ʕaṯ̣mVkumay | *ʕaṯ̣mVkum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person f | *ʕaṯ̣mVki | *ʕaṯ̣mVkin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person m | *ʕaṯ̣mVšu | *ʕaṯ̣mVšumā / *ʕaṯ̣mVšumay | *ʕaṯ̣mVšum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person f | *ʕaṯ̣mVša | *ʕaṯ̣mVšin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible.
Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *ʕaṯ̣muya for nom. case, *ʕaṯ̣miya for gen. case, *ʕaṯ̣maya for acc. case, etc. Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *ʕaṯ̣m-
Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *ʕaṯ̣m-
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Feminine:
Declension of *ʕaṯ̣m-
| Case | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *ʕaṯ̣mum | *ʕaṯ̣māna | *ʕaṯ̣mātum | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Genitive | *ʕaṯ̣mim | *ʕaṯ̣mayna | *ʕaṯ̣mātim | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accusative | *ʕaṯ̣mam | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| possessive forms | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1st person | *ʕaṯ̣mī / *ʕaṯ̣mVya | — | *ʕaṯ̣mVni | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person m | *ʕaṯ̣mVka | *ʕaṯ̣mVkumā / *ʕaṯ̣mVkumay | *ʕaṯ̣mVkum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2nd person f | *ʕaṯ̣mVki | *ʕaṯ̣mVkin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person m | *ʕaṯ̣mVšu | *ʕaṯ̣mVšumā / *ʕaṯ̣mVšumay | *ʕaṯ̣mVšum(ū) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd person f | *ʕaṯ̣mVša | *ʕaṯ̣mVšin(ā) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible.
Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *ʕaṯ̣muya for nom. case, *ʕaṯ̣miya for gen. case, *ʕaṯ̣maya for acc. case, etc. Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *ʕaṯ̣m-
Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *ʕaṯ̣m-
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Descendants
References
- Alexander Militarev: Semitic etymology; entry *ʕat_̣m-(at-).
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