عظم

From Proto-Semitic *ʕaṯ̣m-.

• IPA^(key): /ʕaðˤm/

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عَظْم • (ʕaẓm) m (plural عِظَام‎ (ʕiẓām) or أَعْظُم‎ (ʔaʕẓum))

1. bone
   • a. 965 CE, Al-Mutanabbi, رَأَيْتُكَ تُوسِعُ ٱلشُّعَرَاءَ نَيْلًا (raʔaytuka tūsiʕu š-šuʕarāʔa naylan):

     ‏رَأَيْتُكَ تُوسِعُ ٱلشُّعَرَاءَ نَيْلًا / حَدِيثَهُمُ ٱلْمُوَلَّدَ وَٱلْقَدِيمَا
     فَتُعْطِي مَنْ بَقَى مَالًا جَسِيمًا / وَتُعْطِي مَنْ مَضَى شَرَفًا عَظِيمَا
     سَمِعْتُكَ مُنْشِدًا بَيْتَيْ زِيَادٍ / نَشِيدًا مِثْلَ مُنْشِدِهِ كَرِيمَا
     فَمَا أَنْكَرْتُ مَوْضِعَهُ وَلَٰكِنْ / غَبَطْتُ بِذَاكَ أَعْظُمَهُ ٱلرَّمِيمَا‎

     raʔaytuka tūsiʕu š-šuʕarāʔa naylan / ḥadīṯahumu l-muwallada wal-qadīmā
     fatuʕṭī man baqā mālan jasīman / watuʕṭī man maḍā šarafan ʕaẓīmā
     samiʕtuka munšidan baytay ziyādin / našīdan miṯla munšidihi karīmā
     famā ʔankartu mawḍiʕahu walākin / ḡabaṭtu biḏāka ʔaʕẓumahu r-ramīmā

     (please add an English translation of this quote)

• Gulf Arabic: عظم‎ (ʕaḏ̣am)
• Maltese: għadam
• Moroccan Arabic: عضم‎ (ʕḍam)
• South Levantine Arabic: عضم‎ (ʕaḍm)
• → Azerbaijani: əzm
• → Ottoman Turkish: عظم‎ (azm)
  • Turkish: azm
• → Persian: عظم‎ ('azm)

From the root ع ظ م‎ (ʕ-ẓ-m).

• IPA^(key): /ʕa.ðˤu.ma/

عَظُمَ • (ʕaẓuma) I, non-past يَعْظُمُ‎‎ (yaʕẓumu)

1. (intransitive) to be great

   ‏إِلٰهِي إِنْ عَظُمَ الذَّنْبُ مِنْ عَبْدِكَ فَلْيَحْسُنِ العَفْوُ مِنْ عِنْدِكَ.‎‎

   ʔilāhī ʔin ʕaẓuma aḏ-ḏanbu min ʕabdika falyaḥsuni l-ʕafwu min ʕindika.

   My God if the wrongdoing of your worshipper has gotten great then let your forgiveness be splendid.

From the root ع ظ م‎ (ʕ-ẓ-m); compare عَظِيم‎ (ʕaẓīm, “great, powerful, important”).

• IPA^(key): /ʕi.ðˤam/
• IPA^(key): /ʕuðˤm/

عِظَم or عُظْم • (ʕiẓam or ʕuẓm) m

1. verbal noun of عَظُمَ (ʕaẓuma) (form I)
2. greatness, magnitude, power
3. pomp
4. bulk, extent, thickness
5. importance
6. pride
7. crowd, multitude

Form-II causative of عَظُمَ‎ (ʕaẓuma).

• IPA^(key): /ʕaðˤ.ðˤa.ma/

عَظَّمَ • (ʕaẓẓama) II, non-past يُعَظِّمُ‎‎ (yuʕaẓẓimu)

1. (transitive, causative) to make great

• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “عظم”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen
• Wehr, Hans (1979), “عظم”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Borrowed from Arabic عَظْم‎ (ʕaẓm).

عظم • (ʿazm) (plural عظام‎)

1. bone, any of the components of an endoskeleton

   Synonyms: استخوان‎ (ustuhan), سوموك‎ (sumuk), كمیك‎ (kemik)

• عظمی‎ (ʿazmi, “of bone, osseous”)

• Turkish: azm

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “azm”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 405
• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “عظم”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, Constantinople: Mihran, page 852
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687), “Os”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum, Vienna, column 1255
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “عظم”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum, Vienna, column 3284
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “عظم”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1307

Borrowed from Arabic عَظْم‎ (ʕaẓm).

عظم • ('azm)

1. bone

   Synonym: استخوان‎ (ostoxân)

• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934), “عظم”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim