Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čemerъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

*čemerъ (sense 1)

*čemerъ (sense 2)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic [Term?], Proto-Indo-European *kemer-. Cognates include Lithuanian kemeras (“Eupatorium cannabinum”), Latvian cemeriņš (“Helleborus”), Greek χάμαρος (chámaros, “Aconitum”).

Noun

*čemerъ m[1][2]

false hellebore (any plant of the genus Veratrum)
hellebore (any plant of the genus Helleborus)
1. → venom, poison from these plants
2. → disease caused by these plants
  1. → (East and South Slavic) venom, poison
  2. → (East and South Slavic) anger, wrath, bitterness

Declension

Declension of *čemerъ (hard o-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*čemerъ	*čemera	*čemeri
Accusative	*čemerъ	*čemera	*čemery
Genitive	*čemera	*čemeru	*čemerъ
Locative	*čemerě	*čemeru	*čemerěxъ
Dative	*čemeru	*čemeroma	*čemeromъ
Instrumental	čemerъmь, čemeromь^*	*čemeroma	*čemery
Vocative	*čemere	*čemera	*čemeri

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

nouns

*čemerica f (“Veratrum, Helleborus”)
*čemerika f (“Veratrum, Helleborus”)

verbs

*čemeriti impf (“to poison, anger”)

adjectives

*čemeritъ (“poisonous, bitter”)
*čemerьnъ (“poisonous”)

Related terms

*čemerь

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: чемеръ (čemerŭ)
  - Belarusian: чэ́мер (čémjer)
  - Russian: че́мер (čémer)
  - Ukrainian: чемер (čemer)
South Slavic:
- Church Slavonic: чемеръ (čemerŭ) (Russian recension)
- Bulgarian: че́мер (čémer)
- Macedonian: чемер (čemer)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: че̏ме̑р
  
  Latin script: čȅmȇr
- Slovene: čemér
West Slavic:
- Czech: čemer (dated)
- Old Polish: czemier
  - Polish: cemir, ciemier, cimierz, czemier (dialectal)
- Slovak: čemer

Non-Slavic:
- → Lithuanian: čemerỹs
- → Hungarian: csömör
- → Romanian: cemer (dialectal)

References

Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “*čemerъ/*čemera”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 4 (*čaběniti – *děľa), Moscow: Nauka, page 52
Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1976), “čemerъ”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volume 2 (caca – davьnota), Wrocław: National Ossoliński Institute, page 138