< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dybati
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Uncertain. Probably formed as *dyba (“staff, derrick”) + *-ti from 0-grade of Proto-Indo-European *dwe(m)b- (“top”), akin to Proto-Germanic *tuppijô (“to be atop”).
Alternatively, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰewb- (“deep”), related to Proto-Slavic *ďubati (“to peck”), Proto-Germanic *daupijaną (“to immerse”) via uncertain semantic shift.
Inflection
Conjugation of *dybati, *dyba, *dybetь (impf., -a/C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *dybanьje | *dybati | *dybatъ | *dybalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *dybanъ | *dybomъ |
| Active | *dybavъ | *dyby |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *dybaxъ | *dyba | *dyba | *dybǫ | *dybeši | *dybetь |
| Dual | *dybaxově | *dybasta | *dybaste | *dybevě | *dybeta | *dybete |
| Plural | *dybaxomъ | *dybaste | *dybašę | *dybemъ | *dybete | *dybǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *dybaaxъ | *dybaaše | *dybaaše | — | *dybi | *dybi |
| Dual | *dybaaxově | *dybaašeta | *dybaašete | *dyběvě | *dyběta | — |
| Plural | *dybaaxomъ | *dybaašete | *dybaaxǫ | *dyběmъ | *dyběte | — |
Related terms
- *dyba (“staff, derrick”)
- *dъbati (“to look after, to account”) (possibly)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: дꙑбати (dybati)
- Belarusian: ды́баць (dýbacʹ, “to approach”), дыба́ць (dybácʹ, “to tread”)
- Russian: ды́бать (dýbatʹ, “to stand insecurely”)
- Ukrainian: ди́бати (dýbaty, “to joggle, to move in abnormal manner”)
- Old East Slavic: дꙑбати (dybati)
- South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: дибя́ (dibjá)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: дибати
- Latin: dibati
- West Slavic:
- Polish: dybać
- Slovak: dibať
- Sorbian:
- Lower Sorbian: dybaś
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dybаti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 197
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1971), “дибя”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 381
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