Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pelnъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Per Vasmer, from Proto-Indo-European *pel-, *pl̥n-. Cognates include Lithuanian pel̃nas (“profit”), Sanskrit पणते (paṇate, “to barter, negotiate”), Ancient Greek πωλέω (pōléō, “I sell”), German feil (“vendible, for sale”)

Noun

*pȇlnъ m

loot, spoils
captivity

Declension

Declension of *pelnъ (hard o-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*pelnъ	*pelna	*pelni
Accusative	*pelnъ	*pelna	*pelny
Genitive	*pelna	*pelnu	*pelnъ
Locative	*pelně	*pelnu	*pelněxъ
Dative	*pelnu	*pelnoma	*pelnomъ
Instrumental	pelnъmь, pelnomь^*	*pelnoma	*pelny
Vocative	*pelne	*pelna	*pelni

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Belarusian: пало́н (palón)
- Russian: поло́н (polón) (archaic, poetic)
- Ukrainian: поло́н (polón)
- Rusyn: пōлон (pōlon)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: плѣнъ (plěnŭ)
  - → Rusyn: плїн (pljin)
  - Bulgarian: плен (plen)
  - → Russian: плен (plen)
- Macedonian: плен (plen)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: пле̑н, плије̑н
  
  Latin: plȇn, plijȇn
- Slovene: plen
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: plen
  - Czech: plen
- Kashubian: plón
- Polish: plon
- Slovak: plen
  - → Belarusian: плён (pljon)

References

Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “поло́н”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
Derksen, Rick (2008), “*pelnъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 394

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