< Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/klammjan
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This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-West Germanic
Etymology
Presumably from Proto-Germanic *klamjaną, of unclear further etymology. If considering the material that formed clasps or clamps, namely wood or metal, then it can be derived from Proto-Indo-European *glembʰ- (“clasp; mass”), from *gel- (“form into a ball; ball”). In North Germanic all three phases of ablaut appear, klimp (“small lump”), klamp (“wooden or iron clamp”), and klump (“clump, clog”).[1] Compare *klumpō.
Inflection
| Class 1 weak | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | *klammjan | |
| 1st sg. past | *klamidā | |
| Infinitive | *klammjan | |
| Genitive infin. | *klammjannjas | |
| Dative infin. | *klammjannjē | |
| Instrum. infin. | *klammjannju | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *klammju | *klamidā |
| 2nd singular | *klamisi | *klamidēs, *klamidōs |
| 3rd singular | *klamiþi | *klamidē, *klamidā |
| 1st plural | *klammjum | *klamidum |
| 2nd plural | *klamiþ | *klamidud |
| 3rd plural | *klammjanþ | *klamidun |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | *klammjē | *klamidī |
| 2nd singular | *klammjēs | *klamidī |
| 3rd singular | *klammjē | *klamidī |
| 1st plural | *klammjēm | *klamidīm |
| 2nd plural | *klammjēþ | *klamidīd |
| 3rd plural | *klammjēn | *klamidīn |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | *klami | |
| Plural | *klamiþ | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | *klammjandī | *klamid |
Alternative reconstructions
- *klammijan[2]
Derived terms
Descendants
References
- van der Sijs, Nicoline, editor (2010), “klamp”, in Etymologiebank, Meertens Institute
- Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*klammjan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 291
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