arma
Aragonese
Etymology
From Late Latin arma (“weapon”), from Latin arma (“defensive arms”).
References
- Bal Palazios, Santiago (2002), “arma”, in Dizionario breu de a luenga aragonesa, Zaragoza, →ISBN
Asturian
Etymology
From Late Latin arma (“weapon”), from Latin arma (“defensive arms”).
Derived terms
Related terms
Basque
Declension
| Declension of arma (inanimate, ending in -a) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | singular | plural | |
| absolutive | arma | arma | armak |
| ergative | armak | armak | armek |
| dative | armari | armari | armei |
| genitive | armaren | armaren | armen |
| comitative | armarekin | armarekin | armekin |
| causative | armarengatik | armarengatik | armengatik |
| benefactive | armarentzat | armarentzat | armentzat |
| instrumental | armaz | armaz | armez |
| inessive | armatan | arman | armetan |
| locative | armatako | armako | armetako |
| allative | armatara | armara | armetara |
| terminative | armataraino | armaraino | armetaraino |
| directive | armatarantz | armarantz | armetarantz |
| destinative | armatarako | armarako | armetarako |
| ablative | armatatik | armatik | armetatik |
| partitive | armarik | — | — |
| prolative | armatzat | — | — |
Catalan
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Late Latin arma (“weapon”), from Latin arma (“defensive arms”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂(e)rmos (“fitting”), from the root *h₂er- (“to join”).
Derived terms
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
arma
Further reading
- “arma” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “arma”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2023
- “arma” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “arma” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
French
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /aʁ.ma/
Audio (file)
Anagrams
Fula
Particle
arma
- (Literary) forms the future tense
References
- Oumar Bah, Dictionnaire Pular-Français, Avec un index français-pular, Webonary.org, SIL International, 2014.
Galician
Etymology
From Old Galician-Portuguese arma, from Late Latin arma (“weapon”), from Latin arma (“defensive arms”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈaɾmɐ]
Derived terms
References
- “arma” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
- “arma” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
- “arma” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
- “arma” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
- “arma” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.
Gothic
Irish
Mutation
| Irish mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Radical | Eclipsis | with h-prothesis | with t-prothesis |
| arma | n-arma | harma | not applicable |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||
Italian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈar.ma/
- Rhymes: -arma
- Syllabification: àr‧ma
Etymology 1
From Late Latin arma (“weapon”), from Latin arma (“defensive arms, weapons of war, war, defense, tools”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂(e)rmos (“fitting”), from the root *h₂er- (“to join”).
Derived terms
Related terms
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
arma
- inflection of armare:
- third-person singular present indicative
- second-person singular imperative
Latin
Etymology 1
From Proto-Indo-European *h₂(e)rmos (“fitting”), from the root *h₂er- (“to join”). armentum is an independent derivation from the same root, as if from Proto-Indo-European *h₂er-mn̥-tom. Cognates include Sanskrit ऋत (ṛtá, “order; right; agreement etc.”) and अरम् (áram, “fitting”), Ancient Greek ἀραρίσκω (ararískō, “to fit together”) and Old Armenian արարի (arari, “I made”).
Semantic development was "that what is fitted together" → "tools" → "weapons". Also related to ars, artus, rītus.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈar.ma/, [ˈärmä]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈar.ma/, [ˈärmä]
Noun
arma n pl (genitive armōrum); second declension
(plural only)
- arms, weapons of war, weaponry (implements of warfare)
- Hypernym: tēla (“offensive weapons”)
- 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab urbe condita libri 29.4.2.3:
- mūnīre urbem, frūmentum convehere, tēla arma parāre
- to strengthen the defences of the city, to accumulate stores of corn, to prepare a supply of missiles and arms
- mūnīre urbem, frūmentum convehere, tēla arma parāre
- 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 5.393-394:
- respicit intereā clāvam spoliumque leōnis,
‘vir’ que ait ‘hīs armīs, armaque digna virō!’- Meanwhile, [Chiron] looks at the club and the spoils of the lion, and says, “Man [worthy] for these arms, and arms worthy for the man!”
(The centaur Chiron addresses Hercules who has slain the Nemean lion in close combat.)
- Meanwhile, [Chiron] looks at the club and the spoils of the lion, and says, “Man [worthy] for these arms, and arms worthy for the man!”
- respicit intereā clāvam spoliumque leōnis,
- 8th century CE, Paulus Diaconus, Karl Otfried Müller, editor, Excerpta ex libris Pompeii Festi De significatione verborum, page 2:
- Arma propriē dīcuntur ab armīs, id est humerīs, dēpendentia, ut scūtum, gladius, pūgiō, sīca; ut ea, quibus procul proeliāmur, tēla.
- 'Arma' 'weapons' are, properly speaking, that thich hangs from the 'armi', that is 'shoulders,' such as the shield, sword, dirk, dagger; and such as that using which we fight at a distance, missiles.
- Arma propriē dīcuntur ab armīs, id est humerīs, dēpendentia, ut scūtum, gladius, pūgiō, sīca; ut ea, quibus procul proeliāmur, tēla.
- (metonymically) military action, war (arms as instruments of policy)
- (abstract or concrete) warfare, battle (military exploits)
- (metonymically) troops, military forces, the army
- weapons as means of defence
- (by extension) tools, equipment
- Synonym: armāmenta
Declension
Second-declension noun (neuter), plural only.
| Case | Plural |
|---|---|
| Nominative | arma |
| Genitive | armōrum armum |
| Dative | armīs |
| Accusative | arma |
| Ablative | armīs |
| Vocative | arma |
Derived terms
- armāmenta
- armārium
- armiductor
- armifer
- armiger
- armilausa
- armipotēns
- armisonus
- armō
- coarmiō
- inermis
Etymology 2
Nominative plural → feminine singular transfer common during the period.
Declension
First-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | arma | armae |
| Genitive | armae | armārum |
| Dative | armae | armīs |
| Accusative | armam | armās |
| Ablative | armā | armīs |
| Vocative | arma | armae |
Descendants
- Dalmatian: jarma
- Eastern Romance:
- Extremaduran: arma
- Italian: arma
- Navarro-Aragonese:
- Aragonese: arma
- Old French: arme
- Old Leonese:
- Old Occitan: arma
- Old Galician-Portuguese: arma
- Old Spanish:
- Spanish: arma
- Rhaeto-Romance:
- Sardinian: àrma
- Sicilian: arma
- → Maltese: arma
- Venetian: arma
- → Albanian: armë
- → Proto-Brythonic: *arβ̃
- → Old Irish: arm
References
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 54
- “arma” on page 187 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)
Further reading
- “arma”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- arma in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
Occitan
Etymology
From Old Occitan arma, from Late Latin arma (“weapon”), from Latin arma (“defensive arms”).
Pronunciation
Audio (file) Audio (file)
Old Galician-Portuguese
Etymology
From Late Latin arma (“weapon”), from Latin arma (“defensive arms”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂(e)rmos (“fitting”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈaɾ.ma/
Old Norse
Etymology
From armr.
Declension
References
- “arma”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Old Occitan
Etymology
From Late Latin arma (“weapon”), from Latin arma (“defensive arms”).
Descendants
- Occitan: arma
References
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “arma”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 25: Refonte Apaideutos–Azymus, page 23
Portuguese
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈaʁ.mɐ/ [ˈaɦ.mɐ]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /ˈaɾ.mɐ/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /ˈaʁ.mɐ/
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈaɻ.ma/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ˈaɾ.mɐ/
- (Nordestino) IPA(key): /ah.mɐ/, /ah.ma/
Audio (Paulista) (file)
Etymology 1
From Old Galician-Portuguese arma, from Late Latin arma (“weapon”), from Latin arma (“defensive arms”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂(e)rmos (“fitting”), from the root *h₂er- (“to join”).
Derived terms
- arma automática
- arma biológica
- arma branca
- arma de fogo
- arma nuclear
- arma química
- arma semiautomática
- mostrar as armas
Related terms
Verb
arma
- inflection of armar:
- third-person singular present indicative
- second-person singular imperative
Quechua
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | arma | armakuna |
| accusative | armata | armakunata |
| dative | armaman | armakunaman |
| genitive | armap | armakunap |
| locative | armapi | armakunapi |
| terminative | armakama | armakunakama |
| ablative | armamanta | armakunamanta |
| instrumental | armawan | armakunawan |
| comitative | armantin | armakunantin |
| abessive | armannaq | armakunannaq |
| comparative | armahina | armakunahina |
| causative | armarayku | armakunarayku |
| benefactive | armapaq | armakunapaq |
| associative | armapura | armakunapura |
| distributive | armanka | armakunanka |
| exclusive | armalla | armakunalla |
| ñuqap (my) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | armay | armaykuna |
| accusative | armayta | armaykunata |
| dative | armayman | armaykunaman |
| genitive | armaypa | armaykunap |
| locative | armaypi | armaykunapi |
| terminative | armaykama | armaykunakama |
| ablative | armaymanta | armaykunamanta |
| instrumental | armaywan | armaykunawan |
| comitative | armaynintin | armaykunantin |
| abessive | armayninnaq | armaykunannaq |
| comparative | armayhina | armaykunahina |
| causative | armayrayku | armaykunarayku |
| benefactive | armaypaq | armaykunapaq |
| associative | armaypura | armaykunapura |
| distributive | armayninka | armaykunanka |
| exclusive | armaylla | armaykunalla |
| qampa (your) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | armayki | armaykikuna |
| accusative | armaykita | armaykikunata |
| dative | armaykiman | armaykikunaman |
| genitive | armaykipa | armaykikunap |
| locative | armaykipi | armaykikunapi |
| terminative | armaykikama | armaykikunakama |
| ablative | armaykimanta | armaykikunamanta |
| instrumental | armaykiwan | armaykikunawan |
| comitative | armaykintin | armaykikunantin |
| abessive | armaykinnaq | armaykikunannaq |
| comparative | armaykihina | armaykikunahina |
| causative | armaykirayku | armaykikunarayku |
| benefactive | armaykipaq | armaykikunapaq |
| associative | armaykipura | armaykikunapura |
| distributive | armaykinka | armaykikunanka |
| exclusive | armaykilla | armaykikunalla |
| paypa (his/her/its) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | arman | armankuna |
| accusative | armanta | armankunata |
| dative | armanman | armankunaman |
| genitive | armanpa | armankunap |
| locative | armanpi | armankunapi |
| terminative | armankama | armankunakama |
| ablative | armanmanta | armankunamanta |
| instrumental | armanwan | armankunawan |
| comitative | armanintin | armankunantin |
| abessive | armanninnaq | armankunannaq |
| comparative | armanhina | armankunahina |
| causative | armanrayku | armankunarayku |
| benefactive | armanpaq | armankunapaq |
| associative | armanpura | armankunapura |
| distributive | armaninka | armankunanka |
| exclusive | armanlla | armankunalla |
| ñuqanchikpa (our(incl)) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | armanchik | armanchikkuna |
| accusative | armanchikta | armanchikkunata |
| dative | armanchikman | armanchikkunaman |
| genitive | armanchikpa | armanchikkunap |
| locative | armanchikpi | armanchikkunapi |
| terminative | armanchikkama | armanchikkunakama |
| ablative | armanchikmanta | armanchikkunamanta |
| instrumental | armanchikwan | armanchikkunawan |
| comitative | armanchiknintin | armanchikkunantin |
| abessive | armanchikninnaq | armanchikkunannaq |
| comparative | armanchikhina | armanchikkunahina |
| causative | armanchikrayku | armanchikkunarayku |
| benefactive | armanchikpaq | armanchikkunapaq |
| associative | armanchikpura | armanchikkunapura |
| distributive | armanchikninka | armanchikkunanka |
| exclusive | armanchiklla | armanchikkunalla |
| ñuqaykup (our(excl)) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | armayku | armaykukuna |
| accusative | armaykuta | armaykukunata |
| dative | armaykuman | armaykukunaman |
| genitive | armaykupa | armaykukunap |
| locative | armaykupi | armaykukunapi |
| terminative | armaykukama | armaykukunakama |
| ablative | armaykumanta | armaykukunamanta |
| instrumental | armaykuwan | armaykukunawan |
| comitative | armaykuntin | armaykukunantin |
| abessive | armaykunnaq | armaykukunannaq |
| comparative | armaykuhina | armaykukunahina |
| causative | armaykurayku | armaykukunarayku |
| benefactive | armaykupaq | armaykukunapaq |
| associative | armaykupura | armaykukunapura |
| distributive | armaykunka | armaykukunanka |
| exclusive | armaykulla | armaykukunalla |
| qamkunap (your(pl)) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | armaykichik | armaykichikkuna |
| accusative | armaykichikta | armaykichikkunata |
| dative | armaykichikman | armaykichikkunaman |
| genitive | armaykichikpa | armaykichikkunap |
| locative | armaykichikpi | armaykichikkunapi |
| terminative | armaykichikkama | armaykichikkunakama |
| ablative | armaykichikmanta | armaykichikkunamanta |
| instrumental | armaykichikwan | armaykichikkunawan |
| comitative | armaykichiknintin | armaykichikkunantin |
| abessive | armaykichikninnaq | armaykichikkunannaq |
| comparative | armaykichikhina | armaykichikkunahina |
| causative | armaykichikrayku | armaykichikkunarayku |
| benefactive | armaykichikpaq | armaykichikkunapaq |
| associative | armaykichikpura | armaykichikkunapura |
| distributive | armaykichikninka | armaykichikkunanka |
| exclusive | armaykichiklla | armaykichikkunalla |
| paykunap (their) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | armanku | armankukuna |
| accusative | armankuta | armankukunata |
| dative | armankuman | armankukunaman |
| genitive | armankupa | armankukunap |
| locative | armankupi | armankukunapi |
| terminative | armankukama | armankukunakama |
| ablative | armankumanta | armankukunamanta |
| instrumental | armankuwan | armankukunawan |
| comitative | armankuntin | armankukunantin |
| abessive | armankunnaq | armankukunannaq |
| comparative | armankuhina | armankukunahina |
| causative | armankurayku | armankukunarayku |
| benefactive | armankupaq | armankukunapaq |
| associative | armankupura | armankukunapura |
| distributive | armankunka | armankukunanka |
| exclusive | armankulla | armankukunalla |
See also
Romanian
Verb
a arma (third-person singular present armează, past participle armat) 1st conj.
- to prepare a weapon for firing
- to arm, equip
- (figuratively) to strengthen by adding reinforcement (e.g. armor, a mineshaft, etc.)
Conjugation
| infinitive | a arma | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | armând | ||||||
| past participle | armat | ||||||
| number | singular | plural | |||||
| person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |
| indicative | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
| present | armez | armezi | armează | armăm | armați | armează | |
| imperfect | armam | armai | arma | armam | armați | armau | |
| simple perfect | armai | armași | armă | armarăm | armarăți | armară | |
| pluperfect | armasem | armaseși | armase | armaserăm | armaserăți | armaseră | |
| subjunctive | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
| present | să armez | să armezi | să armeze | să armăm | să armați | să armeze | |
| imperative | — | tu | — | — | voi | — | |
| affirmative | armează | armați | |||||
| negative | nu arma | nu armați | |||||
Verb
a arma (third-person singular present armează, past participle armat) 1st conj.
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈaɾma/ [ˈaɾ.ma]
- Rhymes: -aɾma
- Syllabification: ar‧ma
Etymology 1
From Old Spanish arma, from Late Latin arma (“weapon”), from Latin arma (“defensive arms”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂(e)rmos (“fitting”), from the root *h₂er- (“to join”).
Noun
arma f (plural armas)
Usage notes
- The feminine noun arma is like other feminine nouns starting with a stressed /a/ sound in that it takes the articles el and un (normally reserved for masculine nouns) in the singular when there is no intervening adjective:
Derived terms
Descendants
- → Basque: arma
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
arma
- inflection of armar:
- third-person singular present indicative
- second-person singular imperative
Further reading
- “arma”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swedish
Turkish
Etymology
From Ottoman Turkish آرما, آرمه (arma), from Italian arma.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /aɾˈma/
- Rhymes: -mɑ
Declension
| Inflection | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Nominative | arma | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Definite accusative | armayı | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Singular | Plural | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nominative | arma | armalar | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Definite accusative | armayı | armaları | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dative | armaya | armalara | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Locative | armada | armalarda | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ablative | armadan | armalardan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Genitive | armanın | armaların | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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