brukti

Lithuanian

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *bruś/k-[1], from Proto-Indo-European *bʰruḱ-[1]. Cognates include Bulgarian бръсна (brǎsna, “to shave”).[1]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈbrʊkʲtʲɪ]

Verb

brùkti (third-person present tense brùka, third-person past tense brùko) [2]

  1. (transitive) to shove, thrust
    brùkti rankàs į̃ kišenès[2] - to shove the hands into the pockets
  2. (transitive) (to press to buy): to thrust, force
    brùkti prẽkę[2] - to force the goods
  3. (transitive) to drive
    brùkti árklius[2] - to drive the horses
  4. (transitive) (flax) to scutch
    linùs brùkti[2] - to scutch the flax

Conjugation
Conjugation of brukti
singular
(vienaskaita)		 plural
(daugiskaita)
1st person
(pirmasis asmuo)		 2nd person
(antrasis asmuo)		 3rd person
(trečiasis asmuo)		 1st person
(pirmasis asmuo)		 2nd person
(antrasis asmuo)		 3rd person
(trečiasis asmuo)
aš tu jis/ji mes jūs jie/jos
indicative
(tiesioginė
nuosaka)		 present
(esamasis laikas)		 bruku bruki bruka brukame,
brukam		 brukate,
brukat		 bruka
past
(būtasis kartinis
laikas)		 brukau brukai bruko brukome,
brukom		 brukote,
brukot		 bruko
past frequentative
(būtasis dažninis
laikas)		 brukdavau brukdavai brukdavo brukdavome,
brukdavom		 brukdavote,
brukdavot		 brukdavo
future
(būsimasis laikas)		 bruksiu bruksi bruks bruksime,
bruksim		 bruksite,
bruksit		 bruks
subjunctive
(tariamoji nuosaka)		 brukčiau bruktum,
bruktumei		 bruktų bruktumėme,
bruktumėm,
bruktume		 bruktumėte,
bruktumėt		 bruktų
imperative
(liepiamoji nuosaka)		 — bruk,
bruki		 tebruka,
tebrukie		 brukime,
brukim		 brukite,
brukit		 tebruka,
tebrukie
Participles of brukti
Adjectival (dalyviai)
active passive
present brukąs, brukantis brukamas
past brukęs bruktas
past frequentative brukdavęs —
future bruksiąs, bruksiantis bruksimas
participle of necessity — bruktinas
Adverbial
special (pusdalyvis) brukdamas
half-participle
(padalyviai)		 present brukant
past brukus
past frequentative brukdavus
future bruksiant
manner of action (būdinys) brukte, bruktinai

Synonyms
  • (to shove): kišti, sprausti, terpti
  • (to drive): grūsti, varyti

Derived terms
verbs derived from brukti
  • api-brukti
  • į-brukti
    • (reflexive) į-si-brukti
  • iš-brukti
  • nu-brukti
  • pa-brukti
  • su-brukti
    • (reflexive) su-si-brukti
  • už-brukti
  • (reflexive) bruktis
nouns derived from brukti
  • (verbal noun) brukìmas m
  • brukė́jas m / brukė́ja f

See also

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 65.
  2. “brukti” in Balčikonis, Juozas et al. (1954), Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas. Vilnius: Valstybinė politinės ir mokslinės literatūros leidykla.
  • “brukti” in Martsinkyavitshute, Victoria (1993), Hippocrene Concise Dictionary: Lithuanian-English/English-Lithuanian. New York: Hippocrene Books. →ISBN
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