calmar
English
Noun
calmar (plural calmars)
- A squid (the mollusk).
- 1792, George Louis Le Clerc, Barr's Buffon. Buffon's Natural History, page 126:
- During the summer, he studied calmars at Lisbon, but found no appearance of any roe, nor any reservoir which appeared to be destined for the reception of the seminal liquor; and it was in the middle of December, that he began to discern the first traces of a new vessel replete with a milty juice.
-
Catalan
Etymology
From calma.
Conjugation
Conjugation of calmar (first conjugation)
| infinitive | calmar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | calmant | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | calmat | calmada | |||||
| plural | calmats | calmades | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
| present | calmo | calmes | calma | calmem | calmeu | calmen | |
| imperfect | calmava | calmaves | calmava | calmàvem | calmàveu | calmaven | |
| future | calmaré | calmaràs | calmarà | calmarem | calmareu | calmaran | |
| preterite | calmí | calmares | calmà | calmàrem | calmàreu | calmaren | |
| conditional | calmaria | calmaries | calmaria | calmaríem | calmaríeu | calmarien | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
| present | calmi | calmis | calmi | calmem | calmeu | calmin | |
| imperfect | calmés | calmessis | calmés | calméssim | calméssiu | calmessin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós |
vostès | |
| — | calma | calmi | calmem | calmeu | calmin | ||
French
Etymology
From Ancient Greek κάλαμος (kálamos, “reed, ink pen”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kal.maʁ/
Audio (file)
Derived terms
Further reading
- “calmar”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Portuguese
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /kawˈma(ʁ)/ [kaʊ̯ˈma(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA(key): /kawˈma(ɾ)/ [kaʊ̯ˈma(ɾ)]
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA(key): /kawˈma(ʁ)/ [kaʊ̯ˈma(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /kawˈma(ɻ)/ [kaʊ̯ˈma(ɻ)]
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /kalˈmaɾ/ [kaɫˈmaɾ]
Verb
calmar (first-person singular present calmo, first-person singular preterite calmei, past participle calmado)
Conjugation
Conjugation of calmar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) |
Second-person (tu) |
Third-person (ele / ela / você) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / vocês) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | calmar | |||||
| Personal | calmar | calmares | calmar | calmarmos | calmardes | calmarem |
| Gerund | ||||||
| calmando | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | calmado | calmados | ||||
| Feminine | calmada | calmadas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | calmo | calmas | calma | calmamos | calmais | calmam |
| Imperfect | calmava | calmavas | calmava | calmávamos | calmáveis | calmavam |
| Preterite | calmei | calmaste | calmou | calmamos1, calmámos2 | calmastes | calmaram |
| Pluperfect | calmara | calmaras | calmara | calmáramos | calmáreis | calmaram |
| Future | calmarei | calmarás | calmará | calmaremos | calmareis | calmarão |
| Conditional | ||||||
| calmaria | calmarias | calmaria | calmaríamos | calmaríeis | calmariam | |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | calme | calmes | calme | calmemos | calmeis | calmem |
| Imperfect | calmasse | calmasses | calmasse | calmássemos | calmásseis | calmassem |
| Future | calmar | calmares | calmar | calmarmos | calmardes | calmarem |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | calma | calme | calmemos | calmai | calmem | |
| Negative (não) | não calmes | não calme | não calmemos | não calmeis | não calmem | |
1Brazil.
2Portugal.
Romanian
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kalˈmar/
Declension
Declension of calmar
| singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite articulation | definite articulation | indefinite articulation | definite articulation | |
| nominative/accusative | (un) calmar | calmarul | (niște) calmari | calmarii |
| genitive/dative | (unui) calmar | calmarului | (unor) calmari | calmarilor |
| vocative | calmarule | calmarilor | ||
Spanish
Etymology
From calma.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kalˈmaɾ/ [kalˈmaɾ]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
- Syllabification: cal‧mar
Verb
calmar (first-person singular present calmo, first-person singular preterite calmé, past participle calmado)
- (transitive) to calm, to still (to limit and lessen in motion and disturbance)
- (transitive) to calm, soothe, assuage, to ease, to appease, to quell, to allay, to settle, to relieve (to make lessen in intensity)
- (transitive, figurative) to defuse (e.g. a situation or problem, tension or conflict, a crisis)
- (transitive, figurative) to quench, to quell (one's thirst)
- (transitive, figurative) to cool
- (transitive) to talk down, to talk off the ledge
- (intransitive) to subside, abate
- (intransitive) to steady (often used when talking to an animal one is riding like a horse)
- (reflexive) to calm down, to settle down, to quiet down, to calm oneself
- (reflexive) to cool off, to cool it, to chill, to chill out
- (reflexive) to subside
Conjugation
Conjugation of calmar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
| infinitive | calmar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | calmando | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | calmado | calmada | |||||
| plural | calmados | calmadas | |||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | calmo | calmastú calmásvos |
calma | calmamos | calmáis | calman | |
| imperfect | calmaba | calmabas | calmaba | calmábamos | calmabais | calmaban | |
| preterite | calmé | calmaste | calmó | calmamos | calmasteis | calmaron | |
| future | calmaré | calmarás | calmará | calmaremos | calmaréis | calmarán | |
| conditional | calmaría | calmarías | calmaría | calmaríamos | calmaríais | calmarían | |
| subjunctive | yo | tú vos |
él/ella/ello usted |
nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ellos/ellas ustedes | |
| present | calme | calmestú calmésvos2 |
calme | calmemos | calméis | calmen | |
| imperfect (ra) |
calmara | calmaras | calmara | calmáramos | calmarais | calmaran | |
| imperfect (se) |
calmase | calmases | calmase | calmásemos | calmaseis | calmasen | |
| future1 | calmare | calmares | calmare | calmáremos | calmareis | calmaren | |
| imperative | — | tú vos |
usted | nosotros nosotras |
vosotros vosotras |
ustedes | |
| affirmative | calmatú calmávos |
calme | calmemos | calmad | calmen | ||
| negative | no calmes | no calme | no calmemos | no calméis | no calmen | ||
Selected combined forms of calmar
These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| with infinitive calmar | |||||||
| dative | calmarme | calmarte | calmarle, calmarse | calmarnos | calmaros | calmarles, calmarse | |
| accusative | calmarme | calmarte | calmarlo, calmarla, calmarse | calmarnos | calmaros | calmarlos, calmarlas, calmarse | |
| with gerund calmando | |||||||
| dative | calmándome | calmándote | calmándole, calmándose | calmándonos | calmándoos | calmándoles, calmándose | |
| accusative | calmándome | calmándote | calmándolo, calmándola, calmándose | calmándonos | calmándoos | calmándolos, calmándolas, calmándose | |
| with informal second-person singular tú imperative calma | |||||||
| dative | cálmame | cálmate | cálmale | cálmanos | not used | cálmales | |
| accusative | cálmame | cálmate | cálmalo, cálmala | cálmanos | not used | cálmalos, cálmalas | |
| with informal second-person singular vos imperative calmá | |||||||
| dative | calmame | calmate | calmale | calmanos | not used | calmales | |
| accusative | calmame | calmate | calmalo, calmala | calmanos | not used | calmalos, calmalas | |
| with formal second-person singular imperative calme | |||||||
| dative | cálmeme | not used | cálmele, cálmese | cálmenos | not used | cálmeles | |
| accusative | cálmeme | not used | cálmelo, cálmela, cálmese | cálmenos | not used | cálmelos, cálmelas | |
| with first-person plural imperative calmemos | |||||||
| dative | not used | calmémoste | calmémosle | calmémonos | calmémoos | calmémosles | |
| accusative | not used | calmémoste | calmémoslo, calmémosla | calmémonos | calmémoos | calmémoslos, calmémoslas | |
| with informal second-person plural imperative calmad | |||||||
| dative | calmadme | not used | calmadle | calmadnos | calmaos | calmadles | |
| accusative | calmadme | not used | calmadlo, calmadla | calmadnos | calmaos | calmadlos, calmadlas | |
| with formal second-person plural imperative calmen | |||||||
| dative | cálmenme | not used | cálmenle | cálmennos | not used | cálmenles, cálmense | |
| accusative | cálmenme | not used | cálmenlo, cálmenla | cálmennos | not used | cálmenlos, cálmenlas, cálmense | |
Alternative forms
- acalmar (obsolete)
Derived terms
- calmante
- calmar los ánimos (“to calm things down”)
Further reading
- “calmar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
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