cyfiawnhau
Welsh
Pronunciation
- (North Wales) IPA(key): /ˌkəvjau̯nˈhaɨ̯/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /ˌkəvjau̯nˈhai̯/
Verb
cyfiawnhau (first-person singular present cyfiawnhaf)
Conjugation
Conjugation (literary)
| singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| present indicative/future | cyfiawnhaf | cyfiawnhei | cyfiawnha | cyfiawnhawn | cyfiawnhewch | cyfiawnhânt | cyfiawnheir | |
| imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/conditional | cyfiawnhawn | cyfiawnhait | cyfiawnhâi | cyfiawnhaem | cyfiawnhaech | cyfiawnhaent | cyfiawnheid | |
| preterite | cyfiawnheais | cyfiawnheaist | cyfiawnhaodd | cyfiawnhasom | cyfiawnhasoch | cyfiawnhasant | cyfiawnhawyd | |
| pluperfect | cyfiawnhaswn | cyfiawnhasit | cyfiawnhasai | cyfiawnhasem | cyfiawnhasech | cyfiawnhasent | cyfiawnhasid, cyfiawnhesid | |
| present subjunctive | cyfiawnhawyf | cyfiawnheych | cyfiawnhao | cyfiawnhaom | cyfiawnhaoch | cyfiawnhaont | cyfiawnhaer | |
| imperative | — | cyfiawnha | cyfiawnhaed | cyfiawnhawn | cyfiawnhewch | cyfiawnhaent | cyfiawnhaer | |
| verbal noun | cyfiawnhau | |||||||
| verbal adjectives | cyfiawnhedig cyfiawnhadwy | |||||||
Derived terms
- cyfiawnhad (“justification; vindication”)
Mutation
| Welsh mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
| cyfiawnhau | gyfiawnhau | nghyfiawnhau | chyfiawnhau |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||
Further reading
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950-), “cyfiawnhau”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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