drepen
Low German
Etymology
From Middle Low German drēpen, from Old Saxon drepan, from Proto-West Germanic *drepan, from Proto-Germanic *drepaną. Doublet of drapen.
Verb
drepen (third-person singular simple present drippt, past tense dreep, past participle drepen, auxiliary verb hebben)
- (transitive or reflexive) to meet; to encounter
- (transitive or intransitive) to hit; to strike
- (transitive) to affect; to concern
- (intransitive or reflexive, colloquial, often with “goot” or “slecht”) to hit the mark; to suit; to be convenient, fortunate
- Dat drippt sick egentlig goot. ― That’s good actually.
Conjugation
| infinitive | drepen | |
|---|---|---|
| indicative | present | preterite |
| 1st person singular | dreep | dreep |
| 2nd person singular | dripps(t) | dreeps(t) |
| 3rd person singular | dripp(t) | dreep |
| plural | dreept, dreepen | drepen |
| imperative | present | — |
| singular | dreep | |
| plural | dreept | |
| participle | present | past |
| drepen | (e)drepen, gedrepen | |
| Note: This conjugation is one of many; neither its grammar nor spelling apply to all dialects. | ||
Middle Dutch
Etymology
From Old Dutch *drepan, from Proto-Germanic *drepaną.
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Descendants
- Limburgish: drèppe
Further reading
- Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “drepen”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN
Middle English
Etymology 1
From Old English drepan, from Proto-West Germanic *drepan, from Proto-Germanic *drepaną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈdrɛːpən/
Verb
drepen
- To kill, slay
- To strike, hit
- (rare) To overcome, vanquish
- p. 1154, “AD 1137”, in Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (MS. Laud Misc. 636, continuation), Peterborough, folio 89, verso; republished at Oxford: Digital Bodleian, 8 February 2018:
- Mani þusen hi drapen mid hungær.
- Many thousands they overcame with hunger.
-
Usage notes
- Weak forms are usual for this verb after 1400; they are unknown before then.
Conjugation
| infinitive | (to) drepen, drepe | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | past tense | ||
| 1st-person singular | drepe | drap, dreped | |
| 2nd-person singular | drepest | drape, drap, drepedest | |
| 3rd-person singular | drepeth | drap, dreped | |
| subjunctive singular | drepe | drape1, dreped1 | |
| imperative singular | — | ||
| plural2 | drepen, drepe | drapen, drape, drepeden, drepede | |
| imperative plural | drepeth, drepe | — | |
| participles | drepynge, drepende | dropen, drope, dreped | |
1Replaced by the indicative in later Middle English.
2Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
References
- “drēpen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Etymology 2
From Old English drēopan, from Proto-West Germanic *dreupan, from Proto-Germanic *dreupaną.
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈdreːpən/
Conjugation
| infinitive | (to) drepen, drepe | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | past tense | ||
| 1st-person singular | drepe | dreped | |
| 2nd-person singular | drepest | drepedest | |
| 3rd-person singular | drepeth | dreped | |
| subjunctive singular | drepe | ||
| imperative singular | — | ||
| plural1 | drepen, drepe | drepeden, drepede | |
| imperative plural | drepeth, drepe | — | |
| participles | drepynge, drepende | dreped, ydreped | |
1Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
References
- “drēpen, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Middle Low German
Etymology
From Old Saxon driopan (“to drip”). Cognate with Old English dreopan, Dutch druipen and German triefen.
Pronunciation
- Stem vowel: e⁴
- (originally) IPA(key): /dreːpən/
Conjugation
| Plain Infinitive | drêpen | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Full Infinitive (Gerund) | tô drêpene or tô drêpende | |||
| Verbal Noun | drêpen or drêpent | |||
| Participles | Imperatives | |||
| Present | drêpende | 2nd Person Singular | drêp | |
| Past | gedrōpen or gedrāpen | 2nd Person Plural | drêpet | |
| Indicative | Subjunctive | |||
| Present | Preterite | Present | Preterite | |
| 1st Person Singular | drêpe | drôp | drêpe | drȫpe |
| 2nd Person Singular | drü̂pest or drü̂̂pst | drōpest or drȫpest | drêpest | drȫpest |
| 3rd Person Singular | drü̂pet or drü̂̂pt | drôp | drêpet | drȫpe |
| Plural | drêpen (drêpet?) | drōpen or drȫpen | drêpen | drȫpen |
Old English
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈdre.pen/
Declension
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | drepen | drepen | drepen |
| Accusative | drepenne | drepene | drepen |
| Genitive | drepenes | drepenre | drepenes |
| Dative | drepenum | drepenre | drepenum |
| Instrumental | drepene | drepenre | drepene |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | drepene | drepena, drepene | drepen |
| Accusative | drepene | drepena, drepene | drepen |
| Genitive | drepenra | drepenra | drepenra |
| Dative | drepenum | drepenum | drepenum |
| Instrumental | drepenum | drepenum | drepenum |
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | drepena | drepene | drepene |
| Accusative | drepenan | drepenan | drepene |
| Genitive | drepenan | drepenan | drepenan |
| Dative | drepenan | drepenan | drepenan |
| Instrumental | drepenan | drepenan | drepenan |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | drepenan | drepenan | drepenan |
| Accusative | drepenan | drepenan | drepenan |
| Genitive | drepenra, drepenena | drepenra, drepenena | drepenra, drepenena |
| Dative | drepenum | drepenum | drepenum |
| Instrumental | drepenum | drepenum | drepenum |