ganga
English
Catalan
Etymology 1
Imitative. The sense of "bargain" stems from the fact that the sandgrouse is considered a less valuable form of game.
Derived terms
- gangues de l’ofici
- ganga eurasiàtica
Further reading
- “ganga” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Faroese
Etymology
From Old Norse ganga, from Proto-Germanic *ganganą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰengʰ-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkɛŋka/
- Rhymes: -ɛŋka
Verb
ganga (third person singular past indicative gekk, third person plural past indicative gingu, supine gingið)
- to walk
Conjugation
| Conjugation of ganga (group v-51) | ||
|---|---|---|
| infinitive | ganga | |
| supine | gingið | |
| participle (a26)1 | gangandi | gingin |
| present | past | |
| first singular | gangi | gekk |
| second singular | gongur | gekst |
| third singular | gongur | gekk |
| plural | ganga | gingu |
| imperative | ||
| singular | gakk! | |
| plural | gangið! | |
| 1Only the past participle being declined. | ||
French
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡɑ̃.ɡa/
Audio (file)
Further reading
- “ganga”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
Icelandic
Etymology
From Old Norse ganga, from Proto-Germanic *ganganą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰengʰ-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkauŋka/
- Rhymes: -auŋka
Verb
ganga (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative gekk, third-person plural past indicative gengu, supine gengið)
- (intransitive) to walk
- Hvert viltu ganga?
- Where do you want to walk to?
- (intransitive, of machinery) to work, operate, run
- Gengur klukkan?
- Does the clock work?
- (intransitive, well or badly, of progress) to go
- Hreinsunin gengur vel.
- The cleaning is going well.
- Hreinsunin gengur vel.
- (intransitive) to fit, to go, to be satisfactory, to do
Conjugation
| infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að ganga | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) |
gengið | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
gangandi | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) |
ég geng | við göngum | present (nútíð) |
ég gangi | við göngum |
| þú gengur | þið gangið | þú gangir | þið gangið | ||
| hann, hún, það gengur | þeir, þær, þau ganga | hann, hún, það gangi | þeir, þær, þau gangi | ||
| past (þátíð) |
ég gekk | við gengum | past (þátíð) |
ég gengi | við gengjum |
| þú gekkst | þið genguð | þú gengir | þið gengjuð | ||
| hann, hún, það gekk | þeir, þær, þau gengu | hann, hún, það gengi | þeir, þær, þau gengju | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) |
gakk (þú) | gangið (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| gakktu | gangiði * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
| infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að gangast | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) |
gangist | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
gangandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) |
ég gengst | við göngumst | present (nútíð) |
ég gangist | við göngumst |
| þú gengst | þið gangist | þú gangist | þið gangist | ||
| hann, hún, það gengst | þeir, þær, þau gangast | hann, hún, það gangist | þeir, þær, þau gangist | ||
| past (þátíð) |
ég gekkst | við gengumst | past (þátíð) |
ég gengist | við gengjumst |
| þú gekkst | þið gengust | þú gengist | þið gengjust | ||
| hann, hún, það gekkst | þeir, þær, þau gengust | hann, hún, það gengist | þeir, þær, þau gengjust | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) |
gakkst (þú) | gangist (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| gakkstu | gangisti * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
| strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) |
genginn | gengin | gengið | gengnir | gengnar | gengin | |
| accusative (þolfall) |
genginn | gengna | gengið | gengna | gengnar | gengin | |
| dative (þágufall) |
gengnum | genginni | gengnu | gengnum | gengnum | gengnum | |
| genitive (eignarfall) |
gengins | gengnnar | gengins | genginna | genginna | genginna | |
| weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
| masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) |
gengni | gengna | gengna | gengnu | gengnu | gengnu | |
| accusative (þolfall) |
gengna | gengnu | gengna | gengnu | gengnu | gengnu | |
| dative (þágufall) |
gengna | gengnu | gengna | gengnu | gengnu | gengnu | |
| genitive (eignarfall) |
gengna | gengnu | gengnu | gengnu | gengnu | gengnu | |
Derived terms
- ganga eins og í sögu
- ganga úr skugga um
- gangi þér vel
- gangur
- -gengill
- ganga (noun)
- úr sér genginn
Noun
ganga f (genitive singular göngu, nominative plural göngur)
Declension
| f-w1 | singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | ganga | gangan | göngur | göngurnar |
| accusative | göngu | gönguna | göngur | göngurnar |
| dative | göngu | göngunni | göngum | göngunum |
| genitive | göngu | göngunnar | gangna | gangnanna |
Synonyms
Derived terms
Italian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɡan.ɡa/
- Rhymes: -anɡa
- Hyphenation: gàn‧ga
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology
From Old Norse ganga, from Proto-Germanic *ganganą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰengʰ-.
Old Norse
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *ganganą (“to go, walk, step”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰengʰ- (“to walk, step”). Related to gengi (“luck, success; help, support”).
Cognate with Old English gangan, Old Frisian ganga, gunga, Old Saxon gangan, Old High German gangan, Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐌲𐌲𐌰𐌽 (gaggan).
Pronunciation
- (12th century Icelandic) IPA(key): /ˈɡɑ̃ŋɡɑ/
Conjugation
| infinitive | ganga | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | gangandi | |
| past participle | genginn, ginginn | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | geng | gekk |
| 2nd-person singular | gengr | gekkt |
| 3rd-person singular | gengr | gekk |
| 1st-person plural | gǫngum | gengum, gingum |
| 2nd-person plural | gangið | genguð, ginguð |
| 3rd-person plural | ganga | gengu, gingu |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | ganga | genga, ginga |
| 2nd-person singular | gangir | gengir, gingir |
| 3rd-person singular | gangi | gengi, gingi |
| 1st-person plural | gangim | gengim, gingim |
| 2nd-person plural | gangið | gengið, gingið |
| 3rd-person plural | gangi | gengi, gingi |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | gakk | |
| 1st-person plural | gǫngum | |
| 2nd-person plural | gangið | |
| infinitive | gangask | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | gangandisk | |
| past participle | gengizk, gingizk | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | gǫngumk | gengumk, gingumk |
| 2nd-person singular | gengsk | gekkzk |
| 3rd-person singular | gengsk | gekksk |
| 1st-person plural | gǫngumsk | gengumsk, gingumsk |
| 2nd-person plural | gangizk | genguzk, ginguzk |
| 3rd-person plural | gangask | gengusk, gingusk |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | gǫngumk | gengumk, gingumk |
| 2nd-person singular | gangisk | gengisk, gingisk |
| 3rd-person singular | gangisk | gengisk, gingisk |
| 1st-person plural | gangimsk | gengimsk, gingimsk |
| 2nd-person plural | gangizk | gengizk, gingizk |
| 3rd-person plural | gangisk | gengisk, gingisk |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | gangsk | |
| 1st-person plural | gǫngumsk | |
| 2nd-person plural | gangizk | |
Derived terms
- ganga af
- ganga aptr
- ganga at
- ganga á
- ganga eptir
- ganga frá
- ganga fram
- ganga fyrir
- ganga í
- ganga með
- ganga milli
- ganga móti
- ganga nær
- ganga saman
- ganga sundr
- ganga til
- ganga um
- ganga undan
- ganga undir
- ganga upp
- ganga við
- ganga yfir
Portuguese
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɡɐ̃.ɡɐ/
- Rhymes: -ɐ̃ɡɐ
- Hyphenation: gan‧ga
Noun
ganga f (plural gangas)
Noun
ganga f (plural gangas)
Etymology 4
Unknown
Etymology 8
Derived from Gaulish *cambica "bent log", derivative of cambos (“twisted, crooked”),[3] from Proto-Celtic *kambos, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kh₂emb- (“to bend, curve”). Doublet of canga.
Quotations
- For quotations using this term, see Citations:ganga.
References
- Antônio Geraldo da Cunha (1982), “ganga”, in Dicionário etimológico Nova Fronteira da língua portuguesa, Rio de Janeiro: Nova Fronteira, page 377
- Cid Barros Franco (s.d.), “ganga”, in Dicionário de Expressões Populares Brasileiras, volume 2, São Paulo: Editora Unidas Ltda., page 29
- Joan Coromines; José A. Pascual (1983–1991), “canga”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
- “ganga” in iDicionário Aulete.
- “ganga” in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa. Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2023.
- “ganga” in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa.
- “ganga” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɡanɡa/ [ˈɡãŋ.ɡa]
- Rhymes: -anɡa
- Syllabification: gan‧ga
Etymology 1
Imitative of the bird's call.
Noun
ganga f (plural gangas)
- bargain (advantageous purchase)
- Synonym: bicoca
- sandgrouse (bird of the family Pteroclididae)
Usage notes
- Ganga is a false friend, and in most regions does not mean "gang". The words for "gang" in Spanish are pandilla and mara.
Further reading
- “ganga”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Swahili
Pronunciation
Audio (Kenya) (file)
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -ganga | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Swazi
Inflection
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Zulu
Inflection
| Tone L | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | ukuganga | ||||||||
| Positive | Negative | ||||||||
| Infinitive | ukuganga | ukungagangi | |||||||
| Imperative | |||||||||
| Simple | + object concord | ||||||||
| Singular | ganga | -gange | |||||||
| Plural | gangani | -gangeni | |||||||
| Present | |||||||||
| Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
| 1st singular | ngiyaganga, ngiganga | engigangayo, engiganga | ngiganga | angigangi | engingagangi | ngingagangi | |||
| 2nd singular | uyaganga, uganga | ogangayo, oganga | uganga | awugangi | ongagangi | ungagangi | |||
| 1st plural | siyaganga, siganga | esigangayo, esiganga | siganga | asigangi | esingagangi | singagangi | |||
| 2nd plural | niyaganga, niganga | enigangayo, eniganga | niganga | anigangi | eningagangi | ningagangi | |||
| Class 1 | uyaganga, uganga | ogangayo, oganga | eganga | akagangi | ongagangi | engagangi | |||
| Class 2 | bayaganga, baganga | abagangayo, abaganga | beganga | abagangi | abangagangi | bengagangi | |||
| Class 3 | uyaganga, uganga | ogangayo, oganga | uganga | awugangi | ongagangi | ungagangi | |||
| Class 4 | iyaganga, iganga | egangayo, eganga | iganga | ayigangi | engagangi | ingagangi | |||
| Class 5 | liyaganga, liganga | eligangayo, eliganga | liganga | aligangi | elingagangi | lingagangi | |||
| Class 6 | ayaganga, aganga | agangayo, aganga | eganga | awagangi | angagangi | engagangi | |||
| Class 7 | siyaganga, siganga | esigangayo, esiganga | siganga | asigangi | esingagangi | singagangi | |||
| Class 8 | ziyaganga, ziganga | ezigangayo, eziganga | ziganga | azigangi | ezingagangi | zingagangi | |||
| Class 9 | iyaganga, iganga | egangayo, eganga | iganga | ayigangi | engagangi | ingagangi | |||
| Class 10 | ziyaganga, ziganga | ezigangayo, eziganga | ziganga | azigangi | ezingagangi | zingagangi | |||
| Class 11 | luyaganga, luganga | olugangayo, oluganga | luganga | alugangi | olungagangi | lungagangi | |||
| Class 14 | buyaganga, buganga | obugangayo, obuganga | buganga | abugangi | obungagangi | bungagangi | |||
| Class 15 | kuyaganga, kuganga | okugangayo, okuganga | kuganga | akugangi | okungagangi | kungagangi | |||
| Class 17 | kuyaganga, kuganga | okugangayo, okuganga | kuganga | akugangi | okungagangi | kungagangi | |||
| Recent past | |||||||||
| Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
| 1st singular | ngigangile, ngigangē | engigangile, engigangē | ngigangile, ngigangē | angiganganga | engingaganganga | ngingaganganga | |||
| 2nd singular | ugangile, ugangē | ogangile, ogangē | ugangile, ugangē | awuganganga | ongaganganga | ungaganganga | |||
| 1st plural | sigangile, sigangē | esigangile, esigangē | sigangile, sigangē | asiganganga | esingaganganga | singaganganga | |||
| 2nd plural | nigangile, nigangē | enigangile, enigangē | nigangile, nigangē | aniganganga | eningaganganga | ningaganganga | |||
| Class 1 | ugangile, ugangē | ogangile, ogangē | egangile, egangē | akaganganga | ongaganganga | engaganganga | |||
| Class 2 | bagangile, bagangē | abagangile, abagangē | begangile, begangē | abaganganga | abangaganganga | bengaganganga | |||
| Class 3 | ugangile, ugangē | ogangile, ogangē | ugangile, ugangē | awuganganga | ongaganganga | ungaganganga | |||
| Class 4 | igangile, igangē | egangile, egangē | igangile, igangē | ayiganganga | engaganganga | ingaganganga | |||
| Class 5 | ligangile, ligangē | eligangile, eligangē | ligangile, ligangē | aliganganga | elingaganganga | lingaganganga | |||
| Class 6 | agangile, agangē | agangile, agangē | egangile, egangē | awaganganga | angaganganga | engaganganga | |||
| Class 7 | sigangile, sigangē | esigangile, esigangē | sigangile, sigangē | asiganganga | esingaganganga | singaganganga | |||
| Class 8 | zigangile, zigangē | ezigangile, ezigangē | zigangile, zigangē | aziganganga | ezingaganganga | zingaganganga | |||
| Class 9 | igangile, igangē | egangile, egangē | igangile, igangē | ayiganganga | engaganganga | ingaganganga | |||
| Class 10 | zigangile, zigangē | ezigangile, ezigangē | zigangile, zigangē | aziganganga | ezingaganganga | zingaganganga | |||
| Class 11 | lugangile, lugangē | olugangile, olugangē | lugangile, lugangē | aluganganga | olungaganganga | lungaganganga | |||
| Class 14 | bugangile, bugangē | obugangile, obugangē | bugangile, bugangē | abuganganga | obungaganganga | bungaganganga | |||
| Class 15 | kugangile, kugangē | okugangile, okugangē | kugangile, kugangē | akuganganga | okungaganganga | kungaganganga | |||
| Class 17 | kugangile, kugangē | okugangile, okugangē | kugangile, kugangē | akuganganga | okungaganganga | kungaganganga | |||
| Remote past | |||||||||
| Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
| 1st singular | ngāganga | engāganga | ngāganga | angiganganga | engingaganganga | ngingaganganga | |||
| 2nd singular | wāganga | owāganga | wāganga | awuganganga | ongaganganga | ungaganganga | |||
| 1st plural | sāganga | esāganga | sāganga | asiganganga | esingaganganga | singaganganga | |||
| 2nd plural | nāganga | enāganga | nāganga | aniganganga | eningaganganga | ningaganganga | |||
| Class 1 | wāganga | owāganga | āganga | akaganganga | ongaganganga | engaganganga | |||
| Class 2 | bāganga | abāganga | bāganga | abaganganga | abangaganganga | bengaganganga | |||
| Class 3 | wāganga | owāganga | wāganga | awuganganga | ongaganganga | ungaganganga | |||
| Class 4 | yāganga | eyāganga | yāganga | ayiganganga | engaganganga | ingaganganga | |||
| Class 5 | lāganga | elāganga | lāganga | aliganganga | elingaganganga | lingaganganga | |||
| Class 6 | āganga | āganga | āganga | awaganganga | angaganganga | engaganganga | |||
| Class 7 | sāganga | esāganga | sāganga | asiganganga | esingaganganga | singaganganga | |||
| Class 8 | zāganga | ezāganga | zāganga | aziganganga | ezingaganganga | zingaganganga | |||
| Class 9 | yāganga | eyāganga | yāganga | ayiganganga | engaganganga | ingaganganga | |||
| Class 10 | zāganga | ezāganga | zāganga | aziganganga | ezingaganganga | zingaganganga | |||
| Class 11 | lwāganga | olwāganga | lwāganga | aluganganga | olungaganganga | lungaganganga | |||
| Class 14 | bāganga | obāganga | bāganga | abuganganga | obungaganganga | bungaganganga | |||
| Class 15 | kwāganga | okwāganga | kwāganga | akuganganga | okungaganganga | kungaganganga | |||
| Class 17 | kwāganga | okwāganga | kwāganga | akuganganga | okungaganganga | kungaganganga | |||
| Potential | |||||||||
| Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
| 1st singular | ngingaganga | — | ngingaganga | ngingegange | — | ngingegange | |||
| 2nd singular | ungaganga | — | ungaganga | ungegange | — | ungegange | |||
| 1st plural | singaganga | — | singaganga | singegange | — | singegange | |||
| 2nd plural | ningaganga | — | ningaganga | ningegange | — | ningegange | |||
| Class 1 | angaganga | — | engaganga | angegange | — | engegange | |||
| Class 2 | bangaganga | — | bengaganga | bangegange | — | bengegange | |||
| Class 3 | ungaganga | — | ungaganga | ungegange | — | ungegange | |||
| Class 4 | ingaganga | — | ingaganga | ingegange | — | ingegange | |||
| Class 5 | lingaganga | — | lingaganga | lingegange | — | lingegange | |||
| Class 6 | angaganga | — | engaganga | angegange | — | engegange | |||
| Class 7 | singaganga | — | singaganga | singegange | — | singegange | |||
| Class 8 | zingaganga | — | zingaganga | zingegange | — | zingegange | |||
| Class 9 | ingaganga | — | ingaganga | ingegange | — | ingegange | |||
| Class 10 | zingaganga | — | zingaganga | zingegange | — | zingegange | |||
| Class 11 | lungaganga | — | lungaganga | lungegange | — | lungegange | |||
| Class 14 | bungaganga | — | bungaganga | bungegange | — | bungegange | |||
| Class 15 | kungaganga | — | kungaganga | kungegange | — | kungegange | |||
| Class 17 | kungaganga | — | kungaganga | kungegange | — | kungegange | |||
| Immediate future | |||||||||
| Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
| 1st singular | ngizoganga | engizoganga | ngizoganga | angizuganga | engingezuganga | ngingezuganga | |||
| 2nd singular | uzoganga | ozoganga | uzoganga | awuzuganga | ongezuganga | ungezuganga | |||
| 1st plural | sizoganga | esizoganga | sizoganga | asizuganga | esingezuganga | singezuganga | |||
| 2nd plural | nizoganga | enizoganga | nizoganga | anizuganga | eningezuganga | ningezuganga | |||
| Class 1 | uzoganga | ozoganga | ezoganga | akazuganga | ongezuganga | engezuganga | |||
| Class 2 | bazoganga | abazoganga | bezoganga | abazuganga | abangezuganga | bengezuganga | |||
| Class 3 | uzoganga | ozoganga | uzoganga | awuzuganga | ongezuganga | ungezuganga | |||
| Class 4 | izoganga | ezoganga | izoganga | ayizuganga | engezuganga | ingezuganga | |||
| Class 5 | lizoganga | elizoganga | lizoganga | alizuganga | elingezuganga | lingezuganga | |||
| Class 6 | azoganga | azoganga | ezoganga | awazuganga | angezuganga | engezuganga | |||
| Class 7 | sizoganga | esizoganga | sizoganga | asizuganga | esingezuganga | singezuganga | |||
| Class 8 | zizoganga | ezizoganga | zizoganga | azizuganga | ezingezuganga | zingezuganga | |||
| Class 9 | izoganga | ezoganga | izoganga | ayizuganga | engezuganga | ingezuganga | |||
| Class 10 | zizoganga | ezizoganga | zizoganga | azizuganga | ezingezuganga | zingezuganga | |||
| Class 11 | luzoganga | oluzoganga | luzoganga | aluzuganga | olungezuganga | lungezuganga | |||
| Class 14 | buzoganga | obuzoganga | buzoganga | abuzuganga | obungezuganga | bungezuganga | |||
| Class 15 | kuzoganga | okuzoganga | kuzoganga | akuzuganga | okungezuganga | kungezuganga | |||
| Class 17 | kuzoganga | okuzoganga | kuzoganga | akuzuganga | okungezuganga | kungezuganga | |||
| Remote future | |||||||||
| Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
| 1st singular | ngiyoganga | engiyoganga | ngiyoganga | angiyuganga | engingeyuganga | ngingeyuganga | |||
| 2nd singular | uyoganga | oyoganga | uyoganga | awuyuganga | ongeyuganga | ungeyuganga | |||
| 1st plural | siyoganga | esiyoganga | siyoganga | asiyuganga | esingeyuganga | singeyuganga | |||
| 2nd plural | niyoganga | eniyoganga | niyoganga | aniyuganga | eningeyuganga | ningeyuganga | |||
| Class 1 | uyoganga | oyoganga | eyoganga | akayuganga | ongeyuganga | engeyuganga | |||
| Class 2 | bayoganga | abayoganga | beyoganga | abayuganga | abangeyuganga | bengeyuganga | |||
| Class 3 | uyoganga | oyoganga | uyoganga | awuyuganga | ongeyuganga | ungeyuganga | |||
| Class 4 | iyoganga | eyoganga | iyoganga | ayiyuganga | engeyuganga | ingeyuganga | |||
| Class 5 | liyoganga | eliyoganga | liyoganga | aliyuganga | elingeyuganga | lingeyuganga | |||
| Class 6 | ayoganga | ayoganga | eyoganga | awayuganga | angeyuganga | engeyuganga | |||
| Class 7 | siyoganga | esiyoganga | siyoganga | asiyuganga | esingeyuganga | singeyuganga | |||
| Class 8 | ziyoganga | eziyoganga | ziyoganga | aziyuganga | ezingeyuganga | zingeyuganga | |||
| Class 9 | iyoganga | eyoganga | iyoganga | ayiyuganga | engeyuganga | ingeyuganga | |||
| Class 10 | ziyoganga | eziyoganga | ziyoganga | aziyuganga | ezingeyuganga | zingeyuganga | |||
| Class 11 | luyoganga | oluyoganga | luyoganga | aluyuganga | olungeyuganga | lungeyuganga | |||
| Class 14 | buyoganga | obuyoganga | buyoganga | abuyuganga | obungeyuganga | bungeyuganga | |||
| Class 15 | kuyoganga | okuyoganga | kuyoganga | akuyuganga | okungeyuganga | kungeyuganga | |||
| Class 17 | kuyoganga | okuyoganga | kuyoganga | akuyuganga | okungeyuganga | kungeyuganga | |||
| Present subjunctive | |||||||||
| Positive | Negative | ||||||||
| 1st singular | ngigange | ngingagangi | |||||||
| 2nd singular | ugange | ungagangi | |||||||
| 1st plural | sigange | singagangi | |||||||
| 2nd plural | nigange | ningagangi | |||||||
| Class 1 | agange | angagangi | |||||||
| Class 2 | bagange | bangagangi | |||||||
| Class 3 | ugange | ungagangi | |||||||
| Class 4 | igange | ingagangi | |||||||
| Class 5 | ligange | lingagangi | |||||||
| Class 6 | agange | angagangi | |||||||
| Class 7 | sigange | singagangi | |||||||
| Class 8 | zigange | zingagangi | |||||||
| Class 9 | igange | ingagangi | |||||||
| Class 10 | zigange | zingagangi | |||||||
| Class 11 | lugange | lungagangi | |||||||
| Class 14 | bugange | bungagangi | |||||||
| Class 15 | kugange | kungagangi | |||||||
| Class 17 | kugange | kungagangi | |||||||
| Past subjunctive | |||||||||
| Positive | Negative | ||||||||
| 1st singular | ngaganga | ngangaganga, angaganga, angangaganga | |||||||
| 2nd singular | waganga | wangaganga, awaganga, awangaganga | |||||||
| 1st plural | saganga | sangaganga, asaganga, asangaganga | |||||||
| 2nd plural | naganga | nangaganga, anaganga, anangaganga | |||||||
| Class 1 | waganga | wangaganga, akaganga, akangaganga | |||||||
| Class 2 | baganga | bangaganga, abaganga, abangaganga | |||||||
| Class 3 | waganga | wangaganga, awaganga, awangaganga | |||||||
| Class 4 | yaganga | yangaganga, ayaganga, ayangaganga | |||||||
| Class 5 | laganga | langaganga, alaganga, alangaganga | |||||||
| Class 6 | aganga | angaganga, awaganga, awangaganga | |||||||
| Class 7 | saganga | sangaganga, asaganga, asangaganga | |||||||
| Class 8 | zaganga | zangaganga, azaganga, azangaganga | |||||||
| Class 9 | yaganga | yangaganga, ayaganga, ayangaganga | |||||||
| Class 10 | zaganga | zangaganga, azaganga, azangaganga | |||||||
| Class 11 | lwaganga | lwangaganga, alwaganga, alwangaganga | |||||||
| Class 14 | baganga | bangaganga, abaganga, abangaganga | |||||||
| Class 15 | kwaganga | kwangaganga, akwaganga, akwangaganga | |||||||
| Class 17 | kwaganga | kwangaganga, akwaganga, akwangaganga | |||||||
References
- C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “ganga”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “ganga (6.6.3)”