herja

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse herja, from Proto-Germanic *harjōną.

Verb

herja (third person singular past indicative herjaði, third person plural past indicative herjað, supine herjað)

  1. To wage war
  2. To ravage, to plunder

Conjugation
Conjugation of herja (group v-30)
infinitive herja
supine herjað
participle (a6)1 herjandi herjaður
present past
first singular herji herjaði
second singular herjar herjaði
third singular herjar herjaði
plural herja herjaðu
imperative
singular herja!
plural herjið!
1Only the past participle being declined.

Antonyms

Derived terms

Finnish

Etymology

Likely borrowed from Old Norse herja (compare Swedish härja (“to wage war”)). Cognate with Karelian herja (“bad, evil, villain”), Estonian heris (“villain”).[1]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈherjɑ/, [ˈhe̞rjɑ]
  • Rhymes: -erjɑ
  • Syllabification(key): her‧ja

Noun

herja

  1. slur
  2. (archaic) villain
  3. (archaic) predator, beast of prey
  4. (archaic) evil spirit (of throat disease), demon

Declension
Inflection of herja (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative herja herjat
genitive herjan herjojen
partitive herjaa herjoja
illative herjaan herjoihin
singular plural
nominative herja herjat
accusative nom. herja herjat
gen. herjan
genitive herjan herjojen
herjainrare
partitive herjaa herjoja
inessive herjassa herjoissa
elative herjasta herjoista
illative herjaan herjoihin
adessive herjalla herjoilla
ablative herjalta herjoilta
allative herjalle herjoille
essive herjana herjoina
translative herjaksi herjoiksi
instructive — herjoin
abessive herjatta herjoitta
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of herja (type kala)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative herjani herjani
accusative nom. herjani herjani
gen. herjani
genitive herjani herjojeni
herjainirare
partitive herjaani herjojani
inessive herjassani herjoissani
elative herjastani herjoistani
illative herjaani herjoihini
adessive herjallani herjoillani
ablative herjaltani herjoiltani
allative herjalleni herjoilleni
essive herjanani herjoinani
translative herjakseni herjoikseni
instructive — —
abessive herjattani herjoittani
comitative — herjoineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative herjasi herjasi
accusative nom. herjasi herjasi
gen. herjasi
genitive herjasi herjojesi
herjaisirare
partitive herjaasi herjojasi
inessive herjassasi herjoissasi
elative herjastasi herjoistasi
illative herjaasi herjoihisi
adessive herjallasi herjoillasi
ablative herjaltasi herjoiltasi
allative herjallesi herjoillesi
essive herjanasi herjoinasi
translative herjaksesi herjoiksesi
instructive — —
abessive herjattasi herjoittasi
comitative — herjoinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative herjamme herjamme
accusative nom. herjamme herjamme
gen. herjamme
genitive herjamme herjojemme
herjaimmerare
partitive herjaamme herjojamme
inessive herjassamme herjoissamme
elative herjastamme herjoistamme
illative herjaamme herjoihimme
adessive herjallamme herjoillamme
ablative herjaltamme herjoiltamme
allative herjallemme herjoillemme
essive herjanamme herjoinamme
translative herjaksemme herjoiksemme
instructive — —
abessive herjattamme herjoittamme
comitative — herjoinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative herjanne herjanne
accusative nom. herjanne herjanne
gen. herjanne
genitive herjanne herjojenne
herjainnerare
partitive herjaanne herjojanne
inessive herjassanne herjoissanne
elative herjastanne herjoistanne
illative herjaanne herjoihinne
adessive herjallanne herjoillanne
ablative herjaltanne herjoiltanne
allative herjallenne herjoillenne
essive herjananne herjoinanne
translative herjaksenne herjoiksenne
instructive — —
abessive herjattanne herjoittanne
comitative — herjoinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative herjansa herjansa
accusative nom. herjansa herjansa
gen. herjansa
genitive herjansa herjojensa
herjainsarare
partitive herjaansa herjojaan
herjojansa
inessive herjassaan
herjassansa		 herjoissaan
herjoissansa
elative herjastaan
herjastansa		 herjoistaan
herjoistansa
illative herjaansa herjoihinsa
adessive herjallaan
herjallansa		 herjoillaan
herjoillansa
ablative herjaltaan
herjaltansa		 herjoiltaan
herjoiltansa
allative herjalleen
herjallensa		 herjoilleen
herjoillensa
essive herjanaan
herjanansa		 herjoinaan
herjoinansa
translative herjakseen
herjaksensa		 herjoikseen
herjoiksensa
instructive — —
abessive herjattaan
herjattansa		 herjoittaan
herjoittansa
comitative — herjoineen
herjoinensa

Quotations
  • For quotations using this term, see Citations:herja.

Synonyms

See also

References
  1. Itkonen, Erkki; Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000) Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎ (in Finnish), [note: linked online version also includes some other etymological sources], Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN

Anagrams

Icelandic

Noun

herja

  1. indefinite genitive plural of her

Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

Verb

herja

  1. inflection of herje:
    1. simple past
    2. past participle

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old Norse herja, from Proto-Germanic *harjōną.

Verb

herja (present tense herjar, past tense herja, past participle herja, passive infinitive herjast, present participle herjande, imperative herja/herj)

  1. to devastate, ravage, lay waste

References

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *harjōną.

Verb

herja

  1. to go harrying or freebooting
  2. (transitive, with accusative) to despoil, waste

Conjugation
Conjugation of herja — active (weak class 2)
infinitive herja
present participle herjandi
past participle herjaðr
indicative present past
1st-person singular herja herjaða
2nd-person singular herjar herjaðir
3rd-person singular herjar herjaði
1st-person plural herjum herjuðum
2nd-person plural herið herjuðuð
3rd-person plural herja herjuðu
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular herja herjaða
2nd-person singular herir herjaðir
3rd-person singular herir herjaði
1st-person plural herim herjaðim
2nd-person plural herið herjaðið
3rd-person plural heri herjaði
imperative present
2nd-person singular herja
1st-person plural herjum
2nd-person plural herið
Conjugation of herja — mediopassive (weak class 2)
infinitive herjask
present participle herjandisk
past participle herjazk
indicative present past
1st-person singular herjumk herjuðumk
2nd-person singular herjask herjaðisk
3rd-person singular herjask herjaðisk
1st-person plural herjumsk herjuðumsk
2nd-person plural herizk herjuðuzk
3rd-person plural herjask herjuðusk
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular herjumk herjuðumk
2nd-person singular herisk herjaðisk
3rd-person singular herisk herjaðisk
1st-person plural herimsk herjaðimsk
2nd-person plural herizk herjaðizk
3rd-person plural herisk herjaðisk
imperative present
2nd-person singular herjask
1st-person plural herjumsk
2nd-person plural herizk

Descendants
  • Icelandic: herja
  • Faroese: herja
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: herja
  • Old Swedish: hæria
  • Old Danish: hæriæ
    • Danish: hærge
      • Early Norwegian Bokmål: hærje
        • Norwegian Bokmål: herje (also from Norwegian herja)

References
  • “herja”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
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