swꜥb

Egyptian

Etymology

s- (causative prefix) +‎ wꜥb (“to be clean”).

Pronunciation

Verb
swabmw

 caus. 3-lit.

  1. (transitive) to clean, to purify

Inflection
Conjugation of swꜥb (causative triliteral / caus. 3-lit. / caus. 3rad.) — base stem: swꜥb
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
swꜥb
 swꜥbw, swꜥb
 swꜥbt
 swꜥb
 swꜥb
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
swꜥb
 ḥr swꜥb
 m swꜥb
 r swꜥb
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active passive contingent
aspect / mood active passive
perfect swꜥb.n
 swꜥbw, swꜥb
 consecutive swꜥb.jn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative swꜥbt
perfective3 swꜥb
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 obligative1 swꜥb.ḫr
 active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective swꜥb
 active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3 swꜥbw, swꜥb, swꜥby
 swꜥbw, swꜥb, swꜥby
 potentialis1 swꜥb.kꜣ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive swꜥb
 active + .tj1, .tw2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active passive active passive
perfect swꜥb.n
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 — —
perfective swꜥb
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 swꜥb
 swꜥb, swꜥbw5, swꜥby5
imperfective swꜥb, swꜥby, swꜥbw5
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 swꜥb, swꜥbj6, swꜥby6
 swꜥb, swꜥbw5
prospective swꜥb, swꜥbtj7
 — swꜥbwtj1 4, swꜥbtj4, swꜥbt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.

References
  • James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 250.
  • Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 93
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