toga
English
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Noun
toga (plural togas or togae or togæ)
- A loose outer garment worn by the citizens of Ancient Rome.
- 1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], →OCLC, part I, page 196:
- Or think of a decent young citizen in a toga - perhaps too much dice, you know - coming out here in the train of some prefect, or tax-gatherer, or trader even, to mend his fortunes.
- A loose wrap gown.
- (Philippines) An academic gown.
Synonyms
- toge (obsolete)
Derived terms
Related terms
Translations
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
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See also
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtoː.ɣaː/
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: to‧ga
- Rhymes: -oːɣaː
Noun
toga f (plural toga's, diminutive togaatje n)
Hypernyms
- ambtskleed
Descendants
- Afrikaans: toga
Faroese
Verb
toga (third person singular past indicative togaði, third person plural past indicative togaðu, supine togað)
- to pull
Conjugation
| Conjugation of toga (group v-30) | ||
|---|---|---|
| infinitive | toga | |
| supine | togað | |
| participle (a6)1 | togandi | togaður |
| present | past | |
| first singular | togi | togaði |
| second singular | togar | togaði |
| third singular | togar | togaði |
| plural | toga | togaðu |
| imperative | ||
| singular | toga! | |
| plural | togið! | |
| 1Only the past participle being declined. | ||
Finnish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈto(ː)ɡɑ/, [ˈt̪o̞(ː)ɡɑ]
- Rhymes: -oɡɑ
- Syllabification(key): to‧ga
Declension
| Inflection of toga (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | toga | togat | ||
| genitive | togan | togien | ||
| partitive | togaa | togia | ||
| illative | togaan | togiin | ||
| singular | plural | |||
| nominative | toga | togat | ||
| accusative | nom. | toga | togat | |
| gen. | togan | |||
| genitive | togan | togien togainrare | ||
| partitive | togaa | togia | ||
| inessive | togassa | togissa | ||
| elative | togasta | togista | ||
| illative | togaan | togiin | ||
| adessive | togalla | togilla | ||
| ablative | togalta | togilta | ||
| allative | togalle | togille | ||
| essive | togana | togina | ||
| translative | togaksi | togiksi | ||
| instructive | — | togin | ||
| abessive | togatta | togitta | ||
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | |||
| Possessive forms of toga (type koira) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Anagrams
Icelandic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtʰɔːɣa/
- Rhymes: -ɔːɣa
Verb
toga (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative togaði, supine togað)
- (transitive, intransitive, governs the accusative) to pull, to draw, to tug
- (transitive, intransitive, governs the accusative) to trawl
Inflection
| infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að toga | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) |
togað | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
togandi | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) |
ég toga | við togum | present (nútíð) |
ég togi | við togum |
| þú togar | þið togið | þú togir | þið togið | ||
| hann, hún, það togar | þeir, þær, þau toga | hann, hún, það togi | þeir, þær, þau togi | ||
| past (þátíð) |
ég togaði | við toguðum | past (þátíð) |
ég togaði | við toguðum |
| þú togaðir | þið toguðuð | þú togaðir | þið toguðuð | ||
| hann, hún, það togaði | þeir, þær, þau toguðu | hann, hún, það togaði | þeir, þær, þau toguðu | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) |
toga (þú) | togið (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| togaðu | togiði * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
| infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að togast | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) |
togast | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
togandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) |
ég togast | við togumst | present (nútíð) |
ég togist | við togumst |
| þú togast | þið togist | þú togist | þið togist | ||
| hann, hún, það togast | þeir, þær, þau togast | hann, hún, það togist | þeir, þær, þau togist | ||
| past (þátíð) |
ég togaðist | við toguðumst | past (þátíð) |
ég togaðist | við toguðumst |
| þú togaðist | þið toguðust | þú togaðist | þið toguðust | ||
| hann, hún, það togaðist | þeir, þær, þau toguðust | hann, hún, það togaðist | þeir, þær, þau toguðust | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) |
togast (þú) | togist (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| togastu | togisti * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
| strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) |
togaður | toguð | togað | togaðir | togaðar | toguð | |
| accusative (þolfall) |
togaðan | togaða | togað | togaða | togaðar | toguð | |
| dative (þágufall) |
toguðum | togaðri | toguðu | toguðum | toguðum | toguðum | |
| genitive (eignarfall) |
togaðs | togaðrar | togaðs | togaðra | togaðra | togaðra | |
| weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
| masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) |
togaði | togaða | togaða | toguðu | toguðu | toguðu | |
| accusative (þolfall) |
togaða | toguðu | togaða | toguðu | toguðu | toguðu | |
| dative (þágufall) |
togaða | toguðu | togaða | toguðu | toguðu | toguðu | |
| genitive (eignarfall) |
togaða | toguðu | togaða | toguðu | toguðu | toguðu | |
Synonyms
- (pull): draga
Derived terms
- hártogun
- hlaupa eins og fætur toga (to run as fast as one can)
- toga í eitthvað (to pull on something)
- togast
- togast á um (to fight over something, to contend for something)
Italian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtɔ.ɡa/
- Rhymes: -ɔɡa
- Hyphenation: tò‧ga
Latin

Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *togéh₂ (“cover”), from *(s)teg- (“to cover”) (whence tegō).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈto.ɡa/, [ˈt̪ɔɡä]
- (Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈto.ɡa/, [ˈt̪ɔːɡä]
Audio (Classical) (file)
Noun
toga f (genitive togae); first declension
Declension
First-declension noun.
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | toga | togae |
| Genitive | togae | togārum |
| Dative | togae | togīs |
| Accusative | togam | togās |
| Ablative | togā | togīs |
| Vocative | toga | togae |
Derived terms
- epitogium
- toga alba
- toga candida
- toga picta
- toga praetexta
- toga pulla
- toga pura
- toga trabea
- toga virilis
- togāta
- togātārius
- togātulus
- togātus
- togula
References
- “toga”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- toga in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to assume the toga virilis: togam virilem (puram) sumere
- to assume the toga virilis: togam virilem (puram) sumere
Northern Sami
Pronunciation
- (Kautokeino) IPA(key): /ˈtʰoːka/
Inflection
| Even a-stem, no gradation | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | tōga | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Genitive | tōga | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Singular | Plural | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Nominative | tōga | tōgat | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Accusative | tōga | tōgaid | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Genitive | tōga | tōgaid | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Illative | tōgii | tōgaide | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Locative | tōgas | tōgain | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Comitative | tōgain | tōgaiguin | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Essive | tōgan | |||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||
Norwegian Bokmål
Alternative forms
Norwegian Nynorsk
Noun
toga m (definite singular togaen, indefinite plural togaer or togaar, definite plural togaene or togaane)
- a toga (Roman garment)
References
- “toga” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old Irish
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtoɣa/
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| toga | thoga | toga pronounced with /d(ʲ)-/ |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
Old Norse
Etymology 1
From Proto-Germanic *tugōną.
Conjugation
| infinitive | toga | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | togandi | |
| past participle | togaðr | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | toga | togaða |
| 2nd-person singular | togar | togaðir |
| 3rd-person singular | togar | togaði |
| 1st-person plural | togum | toguðum |
| 2nd-person plural | togið | toguðuð |
| 3rd-person plural | toga | toguðu |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | toga | togaða |
| 2nd-person singular | togir | togaðir |
| 3rd-person singular | togi | togaði |
| 1st-person plural | togim | togaðim |
| 2nd-person plural | togið | togaðið |
| 3rd-person plural | togi | togaði |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | toga | |
| 1st-person plural | togum | |
| 2nd-person plural | togið | |
| infinitive | togask | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | togandisk | |
| past participle | togazk | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | togumk | toguðumk |
| 2nd-person singular | togask | togaðisk |
| 3rd-person singular | togask | togaðisk |
| 1st-person plural | togumsk | toguðumsk |
| 2nd-person plural | togizk | toguðuzk |
| 3rd-person plural | togask | toguðusk |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | togumk | toguðumk |
| 2nd-person singular | togisk | togaðisk |
| 3rd-person singular | togisk | togaðisk |
| 1st-person plural | togimsk | togaðimsk |
| 2nd-person plural | togizk | togaðizk |
| 3rd-person plural | togisk | togaðisk |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | togask | |
| 1st-person plural | togumsk | |
| 2nd-person plural | togizk | |
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
References
- “toga”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Polish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtɔ.ɡa/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ɔɡa
- Syllabification: to‧ga
Declension
Portuguese
Serbo-Croatian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /tǒːɡa/
- Hyphenation: to‧ga
Declension
Further reading
- “toga” in Hrvatski jezični portal
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Slovene
Etymology 1
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tǫga.
Etymology 3
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Adjective
tóga
- inflection of tog:
- masculine nominative/accusative dual
- feminine nominative singular
- neuter nominative/accusative plural
Further reading
- “toga”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈtoɡa/ [ˈt̪o.ɣ̞a]
- Rhymes: -oɡa
- Syllabification: to‧ga
Noun
toga f (plural togas)
Verb
toga
Etymology 2
Back slang for gato.
Further reading
- “toga”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Tagalog
Pronunciation
- Hyphenation: to‧ga
- IPA(key): /ˈtoɡa/, [ˈto.ɣɐ]
Noun
toga (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜓᜄ)
- cap and gown; ceremonial gown or robe (worn by a graduate, lawyer, judge, professor etc.)
- toga (garment used by the citizens of ancient Rome)
Derived terms
- magtoga
See also
Further reading
- “toga”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila: Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2018
West Makian
Etymology
Compare East Makian togal (“to pull”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈt̪o.ɡa/
Verb
toga
Conjugation
| Conjugation of toga (action verb) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |||
| inclusive | exclusive | |||
| 1st person | totoga | motoga | atoga | |
| 2nd person | notoga | fotoga | ||
| 3rd person | inanimate | itoga | dotoga | |
| animate | ||||
| imperative | notoga, toga | fotoga, toga | ||