tojik

Hungarian

Etymology

Of debated origin:[1]

  1. Borrowed from a Turkic language.
  2. From Proto-Uralic *toxe-, with the suffix -ik. Cognate with Proto-Finnic *toodak, Erzya туемс (tujems).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈtojik]
  • Hyphenation: to‧jik
  • Rhymes: -ojik

Verb

tojik

  1. (transitive, intransitive) to lay (eggs)

Usage notes

This verb is called a pseudo-ik verb, as its -ik ending presents itself only in the 3rd-person singular (indicative present) form, but it is not an -ik verb in any other aspect. As a result, it cannot take the -om/-em/-öm ending in the 1st-person singular (indicative present) form, even in the most erudite style, only -ok/-ek/-ök. Naturally, the optional -m ending cannot appear, either, in their subjunctive or conditional 1st-person singular forms, so only -jak/-jek and -nék is possible in these respective forms. These verbs include the following: bomlik, (el)bújik, (meg)érik, (le)folyik, (össze)gyűlik, hazudik, (le)hullik, (bele)/(oda)illik, (meg)jelenik, (el)kopik, (el)múlik, ömlik, (meg)születik, (meg)szűnik, (meg)telik, tojik, (el)törik, (el)/(fel)tűnik, (el)válik, and (el)züllik. (Ki)nyílik partially belongs here, as it cannot take the first-person -om ending but it can take the third-person -jék.

Conjugation
conjugation of tojik
1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal		 3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal		 1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal		 3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive
mood		 Pre­sent Indef. tojok tojsz tojik tojunk tojtok tojnak
Def. tojom tojod tojja tojjuk tojjátok tojják
2nd-p. o. tojlak ―
Past Indef. tojtam tojtál tojt tojtunk tojtatok tojtak
Def. tojtam tojtad tojta tojtuk tojtátok tojták
2nd-p. o. tojtalak ―
Condi­tional
mood		 Pre­sent Indef. tojnék tojnál tojna tojnánk tojnátok tojnának
Def. tojnám tojnád tojná tojnánk
(or tojnók)		 tojnátok tojnák
2nd-p. o. tojnálak ―
Sub­junc­tive
mood		 Pre­sent Indef. tojjak tojj or
tojjál		 tojjon tojjunk tojjatok tojjanak
Def. tojjam tojd or
tojjad		 tojja tojjuk tojjátok tojják
2nd-p. o. tojjalak ―
Infinitive tojni tojnom tojnod tojnia tojnunk tojnotok tojniuk
Other nonfinite
verb forms		 Verbal noun Present participle Past participle Future part. Adverbial part. Potential
tojás tojó tojt tojandó tojva tojhat

Derived terms

(With verbal prefixes):

References
  1. tojik in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading
  • tojik in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Uzbek

Noun

tojik (plural tojiklar)

  1. Tajik

Derived terms
  • tojikcha
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