JUnit Test cases Run with tomcat container or JVM

Question

I am writing JUnit test cases for my spring application. I use codepro tool in eclipse for generate test cases. when I run this test cases than it is run on JVM not on Tomcat server. so I want to know how it could be run on server? and which is best practice to run test cases on JVM or tomcat? and why? so please suggest me. code is as follow.

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.Properties;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

import junit.framework.TestCase;
import junit.framework.TestSuite;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.mock.web.MockHttpServletRequest;
import org.springframework.mock.web.MockHttpSession;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; 
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import com.zodiacapi.framework.business.ZodiacMobileBusinessTx;
import com.zodiacapi.framework.controller.ZodiacMobileAPIController;
import com.zodiacapi.framework.delegate.SendNotificationDelegate;
import com.zodiacapi.framework.dto.ReturnAPIMessageDTO;
import com.zodiacapi.framework.dto.UserDTO;
import com.zodiacweb.framework.cache.CacheService;
import com.zodiacweb.framework.cache.EhCacheServiceImpl;
import com.zodiacweb.framework.exception.ZodiacWebException;


@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration({ "classpath:applicationContext.xml" })
public class ZodiacMobileAPIControllerTest extends TestCase {

private static final Logger logger =       LoggerFactory.getLogger(ZodiacMobileAPIControllerTest.class);

@Autowired
private ZodiacMobileBusinessTx zodiabMobileBusinessTx;

public ZodiacMobileBusinessTx getZodiabMobileBusinessTx() {
    return zodiabMobileBusinessTx;
}
@Test
public void testMobileLogin_1()
    throws Exception {
    ReturnAPIMessageDTO entities = new ReturnAPIMessageDTO();
    Properties prop = new Properties();
    InputStream in = getClass().getResourceAsStream("login.properties");
    prop.load(in);

    try{
    UserDTO result = zodiabMobileBusinessTx.login(prop.getProperty("username"), prop.getProperty("password"), prop.getProperty("apikey"), prop.getProperty("deviceid"), prop.getProperty("deviceModel"));


    System.out.println("result of test"+result);

} catch (ZodiacWebException e) {
    logger.error("Internal Server Error fetching user info", e);
    entities.setStatus("false");
    entities.setMessage(e.getMessage());
    entities.setVersion("");

} catch (Throwable t) {

    entities.setStatus("false");
    entities.setMessage(t.getMessage());
    entities.setVersion("");
}

}

}

Answer 1

For a unit test you would usually execute it within the JVM. You would probably only execute Integration/Functional tests on an application running in a server.

The choices you have for testing a Spring Controller(That I am familiar with) are:

1. Test the controller as a regular POJO outside of the container and server for example : MyController controller = new MyController())
2. Test the controller using Spring Test MVC. This will actually start up Spring during your tests.(I prefer this option) see Unit Test Spring Controllers for some examples.
3. If you want to test your application in a real tomcat instance you can use Arquillian together with The Arquillian Spring Extension. This last option is definitely the most complex in terms of learning curve. But it's nice to be aware of.(Haven't successfully used it with a Spring Application myself)

Answer 2

Don't worry about using Arquillian for now ... it takes some time to learn.

See my code below for a working example of testing a spring controller. I noticed from your code sample that you did not have all the correct annotations and the initialization method.

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringApplicationConfiguration(classes = App.class)
@TestPropertySource(locations = "classpath:test.properties")
@WebAppConfiguration
public class AdminUserControllerUnitTest {

MockMvc mvc;

@Autowired
WebApplicationContext webApplicationContext;



@Before
public void initialize(){

    mvc = MockMvcBuilders.webAppContextSetup(webApplicationContext).build();
}


@Test
public void testListUsers() throws Exception {

    Account account = new Account();
    account.setId(1l);

    mvc.perform(
                get("/admin/user")
                        .sessionAttr("account",account)                     
               );
                .andExpect(MockMvcResultMatchers.model().attribute("users",hasSize(4)));


}