I had to install VS2013 on a Windows 10 VM (VMWare). My prblem similar to this question, which helped me before: Visual Studio 2013 Install Fails: Program Compatibility Mode is on (Windows 10)
The solution was to rename the VS installer (in my Case to "vs_premium.exe").
But now I also need to install a VS2013 language pack. The language pack fails by the same error, but it is named correctly ("vs_langpack.exe"), so that the "old solution" from the named thread doesn't work in this case.