Foreign relations of São Tomé and Príncipe

Until independence in 1975, São Tomé and Príncipe had few ties abroad except those that passed through Portugal. Following independence, the new government sought to expand its diplomatic relationships. A common language, tradition, and colonial legacy have led to close collaboration between São Tomé and other ex-Portuguese colonies in Africa, particularly Angola. São Toméan relations with other African countries in the region, such as Gabon and the Republic of the Congo, are also good. In December 2000, São Tomé signed the African Union treaty; it was later ratified by the National Assembly.

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The São Toméan government has generally maintained a foreign policy based on nonalignment and cooperation with any country willing to assist in its economic development. In recent years, it has also increasingly emphasized ties to the United States and western Europe.

Bilateral relations
Nations with which São Tomé and Príncipe has diplomatic relations with.
Country Formal relations began Notes
 Albania 20 November 1979 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 November 1979[1]
 Algeria 7 January 1979 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 January 1979 when has been accredited Ambassador of Algeria to São Tomé and Príncipe (resident in Luanda) Mr. Noureddine Harbi.[2]
 Andorra27 May 2009

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 May 2009.[3]

 Angola19 February 1978Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 February 1978[4]
  • Angola has an embassy in São Tomé.
  • São Tomé and Príncipe has an embassy in Luanda.
 Argentina5 November 1975

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 November 1975.[5]

 Armenia

Both countries have not yet established diplomatic relations.[6]

 Australia8 July 2009Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 July 2009[7]
  • Australia is represented in São Tomé and Príncipe from its embassy in Lisbon, Portugal.[8]
  • São Tomé and Príncipe is represented in Australia by from its embassy in Lisbon, Portugal.[8]
 Austria3 May 1993Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 May 1993[9]

See Austria–São Tomé and Príncipe relations

 Azerbaijan 25 September 2018 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 September 2018[10]
 Bahrain 27 October 1997 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 October 1997[11]
 Belarus 11 December 2001 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 December 2001[12]
 Belgium The two countries maintain diplomatic relations[13]
 Benin 20 February 2019 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 February 2019 when Ambassador of Benin, Paulete  Adjovi presented his credentials to the President of São Tomé and Príncipe, Evaristo Carvalho.[14]
 Bolivia 15 May 1987 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 May 1987[15]
 Bosnia and Herzegovina 8 May 2001 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 May 2001[16]
 Brazil12 July 1975See Brazil–São Tomé and Príncipe relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1975.[17] Both countries are full members of the Community of Portuguese Language Countries.

  • Brazil has an embassy in São Tomé.
  • São Tomé and Príncipe is accredited to Brazil from its Permanent Mission to the United Nations in New York City, United States.
 Bulgaria 25 December 1979 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 December 1979[18]
 Burkina Faso 19 February 2019 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 February 2019 when Ambassador of Burkina Faso to Sao Tome and Principe, Saïdou Zongo has presented his credentials.[19]
 Burundi 13 June 2023 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 June 2023 when first Ambassador of Burundi to São Tomé and Príncipe Mr. Mwamba Ntirampeba presented his credentials to President Carlos Manuel Vila Nova.[20]
 Cameroon 14 July 1975 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 July 1975[21]
 Canada 13 December 1978 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 December 1978[22]
 Cape Verde São Tomé and Príncipe maintains an embassy in Praia, Cape Verde.[23]
 Chile 5 May 1989 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 May 1989[24]
 China12 July 1975, severed diplomatic relations 6 May 1997, Restored 26 December 2016[25]See China–São Tomé and Príncipe relations

Prior to independence, the People's Republic of China (PRC) supported the country's indigenous movement for independence against the Portuguese Empire and the relationship continued after independence. Official diplomatic relation was established with the PRC upon independence on 12 July 1975. In 1975 and 1983, the country's first president, Manuel Pinto da Costa, visited the PRC. On 6 May 1997, São Tomé and Príncipe switched diplomatic relation from PRC to Republic of China (ROC).[26] On 15 November 2013, an unofficial PRC trade mission office was established in São Tomé and Príncipe to facilitate the non-political commercial ties with the PRC.[27] However, in June 2014, President Manuel Pinto da Costa made a private visit to Shanghai in Mainland China for a non-political mission.[28]

São Tomé and Príncipe had been speaking at the United Nations General Assembly for ROC meaningful participation in international organizations. While on the other side, ROC has provided various aids to the country for the development in their infrastructure and social system.[29]

São Tomé and Príncipe severed relations with ROC on 20 December 2016, leaving Burkina Faso and Swaziland as the only two remaining African nations retaining formal relations with the ROC,[30] when the ROC government reportedly turned down a São Toméan request for $210 million in financial assistance.[31] Diplomatic relations between PRC and São Tomé and Príncipe resumed on 26 December 2016.[32]

 Colombia 12 August 1988 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 August 1988[33]
 Republic of the Congo The two countries maintain diplomatic relations[34]
 Croatia23 May 1993

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 May 1993.[35]

 Cuba 10 April 1976 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 April 1976[36]
 Cyprus7 November 2000

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 November 2000.[37]

 Czech Republic 22 October 1975 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 October 1975[38]
 Denmark 29 May 2019 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 May 2019.[39]
 Dominican Republic 24 September 2018 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 September 2018[40]
 East TimorThe two countries maintain diplomatic relations[41]
 EgyptMarch 1976
  • Egypt is represented in São Tomé and Príncipe by its embassy in Luanda, Angola.[42]
  • Both countries are full members of the African Union.
 Equatorial Guinea The two countries maintain diplomatic relations[43]
 Estonia 20 May 2009 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 May 2009[44]
 Finland 1 March 1979 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 March 1979[45]
 France 10 September 1975 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 September 1975[46]
 Gabon Sao Tome and Principe has an embassy in Libreville, Gabon[47]
 Georgia 12 September 2014 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 September 2014[48]
 Germany 25 November 1975 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 November 1975
 Ghana The two countries maintain cordial diplomatic relations.[49]
 Greece 24 April 1986 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 April 1986[50]
 Grenada 23 November 1979 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 November 1979[51]
 Guinea-Bissau The two countries maintain diplomatic relations[52]
 Holy See 21 December 1984 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 December 1984[53]
 Hungary 2 November 1976 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 November 1976[54]
 Iceland 24 September 2007 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 September 2007[55]
 India14 August 1975See India–São Tomé and Príncipe relations
  • India has an embassy in São Tomé.[56]
  • São Tomé and Príncipe has an honorary consulate in New Delhi.
 Indonesia 27 September 2011 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 September 2011[57]
 Iran The two countries maintain diplomatic relations[58]
 Israel16 November 1993

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 November 1993.[59]

 Italy The two countries maintain diplomatic relations[60]
 Ivory Coast The two countries maintain diplomatic relations[61]
 Jamaica 29 February 1980 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 February 1980[62]
 Japan22 July 1975

Both nations established diplomatic relations on July 22, 1975.[63]

 Kazakhstan 20 November 2014 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 November 2014[64]
 Kenya The two countries maintain diplomatic relations[65]
 Kuwait 9 January 1980 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 January 1980[66]
 Latvia26 July 1994

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 July 1994.[67]

 Libya 1977 Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1977[68]
 Lithuania8 July 2003

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 July 2003.[69]

 Luxembourg The two countries maintain diplomatic relations[70]
 Malaysia The two countries maintain diplomatic relations[71]
 Maldives 5 April 2022 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 April 2022[72]
 Malta 24 September 2018 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 September 2018[73]
 Mauritania 4 August 2013 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 4 August 2013 when Ambassador of Mauritania With residence in Abuja, Nigeria Mr. Ba Abderrahmane, presented his letters of credentials to President of São Tomé and Príncipe Manuel Pinto da Costa.[74]
 Mauritius 28 February 2003 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 February 2003[75]
 Mexico10 September 1990Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 September 1990[76]
  • Mexico is accredited to São Tomé and Príncipe from its Permanent Mission to the United Nations in New York City.
  • São Tomé and Príncipe does not have an accreditation to Mexico.
 Mongolia22 October 1975

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 October 1975.[77]

 Morocco Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1978.[78]
 Mozambique1981[79]
  • Mozambique is accredited to São Tomé and Príncipe from its embassy in Luanda, Angola and maintains an honorary consulate in São Tomé.
  • São Tomé and Príncipe is accredited to Mozambique from its embassy in Luanda, Angola and maintains an honorary consulate in Maputo.[80]
 Namibia 14 September 2018 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 September 2018 when Ambassador of São Tomé and Príncipe Mr. Carlos Gustavo dos Anjos, presented his credentials to President of Namibia Hage G. Geingob.[81]
 Netherlands The two countries maintain diplomatic relations[82]
 Nicaragua The two countries maintain diplomatic relations[83]
 Nigeria 30 December 1975 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 December 1975[84]
 North Korea 9 August 1975 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 August 1975[85]
 North Macedonia 11 July 2000 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 July 2000[86]
 Norway 25 January 2019 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 January 2019[87]
 Oman 15 September 1997 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 September 1997[88]
 Pakistan The two countries maintain diplomatic relations[89]
 Paraguay 13 July 2023 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 July 2023[90]
 Peru 4 May 1989 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 4 May 1989[91]
 Philippines 8 November 2000 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 November 2000[92]
 Poland 20 November 1978 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 November 1978[93]
 Portugal12 July 1975See Portugal–São Tomé and Príncipe relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 July 1975.[94]

  • Portugal has an embassy in São Tomé.
  • São Tomé and Príncipe has an embassy in Lisbon.
 Qatar 4 May 2021 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 4 May 2021[95]
 Romania12 July 1975

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 July 1975.[96]

 Russia 9 August 1975 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 August 1975[97]
 Rwanda 11 January 2017 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 January 2017[98]
 Saint Kitts and Nevis 28 September 2018 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 September 2018[99]
 Saudi Arabia 7 June 2023 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 June 2023.[100]
 Serbia2 February 1979
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 February 1979[101]
  • Both countries have a number of bilateral agreements.[102]
 Seychelles 22 October 1986 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 October 1986[103]
 Singapore 18 August 1997 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 August 1997[104]
 Slovakia 2 April 1993 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 April 1993.[105]
 Slovenia 10 April 2014 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 April 2014[106]
 South Africa10 May 1994
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 May 1994.[107]
  • Both countries are full members of the African Union.
 South Korea20 August 1988

Establishment of diplomatic relations between the Republic of Korea and São Tomé and Príncipe was August 20, 1988.[108] In 2001 Bilateral Trade were Exports $74,479 Imports $40,381.[109]

 Spain26 February 1982Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 February 1982 when appointed first Ambassador of Spain in São Tomé and Príncipe (resident in Luanda) Mr. Manuel Piñeiro Souto[110]
 Sweden The two countries maintain diplomatic relations[111]
  Switzerland 28 February 1985 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 February 1985[112]
 Tajikistan 24 September 2018 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 September 2018[113]
 Thailand 7 May 1987 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 May 1987[114]
 Tunisia 1986 Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1986[115]
 Turkey12 July 1975[116]
 Ukraine 16 April 1998 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 April 1998[118]
 United Arab Emirates 24 October 1997 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 October 1997[119]
 United Kingdom 3 December 1979 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 December 1979 when the first Ambassador of the United Kingdom to São Tomé and Príncipe, Mr. Christopher D. S. MacRae was appointed.[120]
 United States12 July 1975See São Tomé and Príncipe–United States relations

With the development of São Tomé's oil reserves, American diplomatic and military relations are becoming closer. In February 2005, the US Navy's USS Emory S. Land (AS-39) entered West African waters near São Tomé to provide security assistance and training to the local security services.

 Uruguay 26 September 1990 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 September 1990[121]
 Venezuela 19 August 2006 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 August 2006[122]
 Vietnam6 November 1976

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 November 1976.[123]

 Zambia 31 August 1987 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 31 August 1987 when has been accredited Ambassador of São Tomé and Príncipe to Zambia (resident in Luanda) Mr. J. Jose Da Costa.[124]
 Zimbabwe 15 June 2022 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 June 2022 when Ambassador of Zimbabwe Mr. Maxwell Ranga, presented his credentials to President of São Tomé and Príncipe Carlos Vila Nova.[125]

See also

References
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