κάμνω
Ancient Greek
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *kem(H)- (“to be tired”).[1]
Pronunciation
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /kám.nɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈkam.no/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈkam.no/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈkam.no/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈkam.no/
Inflection
Present: κᾰ́μνω, κᾰ́μνομαι
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | κᾰ́μνω | κᾰ́μνεις | κᾰ́μνει | κᾰ́μνετον | κᾰ́μνετον | κᾰ́μνομεν | κᾰ́μνετε | κᾰ́μνουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | κᾰ́μνω | κᾰ́μνῃς | κᾰ́μνῃ | κᾰ́μνητον | κᾰ́μνητον | κᾰ́μνωμεν | κᾰ́μνητε | κᾰ́μνωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | κᾰ́μνοιμῐ | κᾰ́μνοις | κᾰ́μνοι | κᾰ́μνοιτον | κᾰμνοίτην | κᾰ́μνοιμεν | κᾰ́μνοιτε | κᾰ́μνοιεν | |||||
| imperative | κᾰ́μνε | κᾰμνέτω | κᾰ́μνετον | κᾰμνέτων | κᾰ́μνετε | κᾰμνόντων | |||||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | κᾰ́μνομαι | κᾰ́μνῃ, κᾰ́μνει |
κᾰ́μνεται | κᾰ́μνεσθον | κᾰ́μνεσθον | κᾰμνόμεθᾰ | κᾰ́μνεσθε | κᾰ́μνονται | ||||
| subjunctive | κᾰ́μνωμαι | κᾰ́μνῃ | κᾰ́μνηται | κᾰ́μνησθον | κᾰ́μνησθον | κᾰμνώμεθᾰ | κᾰ́μνησθε | κᾰ́μνωνται | |||||
| optative | κᾰμνοίμην | κᾰ́μνοιο | κᾰ́μνοιτο | κᾰ́μνοισθον | κᾰμνοίσθην | κᾰμνοίμεθᾰ | κᾰ́μνοισθε | κᾰ́μνοιντο | |||||
| imperative | κᾰ́μνου | κᾰμνέσθω | κᾰ́μνεσθον | κᾰμνέσθων | κᾰ́μνεσθε | κᾰμνέσθων | |||||||
| active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | κᾰ́μνειν | κᾰ́μνεσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | κᾰ́μνων | κᾰμνόμενος | ||||||||||
| f | κᾰ́μνουσᾰ | κᾰμνομένη | |||||||||||
| n | κᾰ́μνον | κᾰμνόμενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
Imperfect: ἔκᾰμνον, ἐκᾰμνόμην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἔκᾰμνον | ἔκᾰμνες | ἔκᾰμνε(ν) | ἐκᾰ́μνετον | ἐκᾰμνέτην | ἐκᾰ́μνομεν | ἐκᾰ́μνετε | ἔκᾰμνον | ||||
| middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐκᾰμνόμην | ἐκᾰ́μνου | ἐκᾰ́μνετο | ἐκᾰ́μνεσθον | ἐκᾰμνέσθην | ἐκᾰμνόμεθᾰ | ἐκᾰ́μνεσθε | ἐκᾰ́μνοντο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
Future: κᾰμέομαι (Uncontracted)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle | indicative | κᾰμέομαι | κᾰμέῃ, κᾰμέει |
κᾰμέεται | κᾰμέεσθον | κᾰμέεσθον | κᾰμεόμεθᾰ | κᾰμέεσθε | κᾰμέονται | ||||
| optative | κᾰμεοίμην | κᾰμέοιο | κᾰμέοιτο | κᾰμέοισθον | κᾰμεοίσθην | κᾰμεοίμεθᾰ | κᾰμέοισθε | κᾰμέοιντο | |||||
| middle | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | κᾰμέεσθαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | κᾰμεόμενος | |||||||||||
| f | κᾰμεομένη | ||||||||||||
| n | κᾰμεόμενον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
Future: κᾰμοῦμαι (Contracted)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle | indicative | κᾰμοῦμαι | κᾰμῇ | κᾰμεῖται | κᾰμεῖσθον | κᾰμεῖσθον | κᾰμούμεθᾰ | κᾰμεῖσθε | κᾰμοῦνται | ||||
| optative | κᾰμοίμην | κᾰμοῖο | κᾰμοῖτο | κᾰμοῖσθον | κᾰμοίσθην | κᾰμοίμεθᾰ | κᾰμοῖσθε | κᾰμοῖντο | |||||
| middle | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | κᾰμεῖσθαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | κᾰμούμενος | |||||||||||
| f | κᾰμουμένη | ||||||||||||
| n | κᾰμούμενον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
Aorist: ἔκᾰμον, ἐκᾰμόμην
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἔκᾰμον | ἔκᾰμες | ἔκᾰμε(ν) | ἐκᾰ́μετον | ἐκᾰμέτην | ἐκᾰ́μομεν | ἐκᾰ́μετε | ἔκᾰμον | ||||
| subjunctive | κᾰ́μω | κᾰ́μῃς | κᾰ́μῃ | κᾰ́μητον | κᾰ́μητον | κᾰ́μωμεν | κᾰ́μητε | κᾰ́μωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | κᾰ́μοιμῐ | κᾰ́μοις | κᾰ́μοι | κᾰ́μοιτον | κᾰμοίτην | κᾰ́μοιμεν | κᾰ́μοιτε | κᾰ́μοιεν | |||||
| imperative | κᾰ́με | κᾰμέτω | κᾰ́μετον | κᾰμέτων | κᾰ́μετε | κᾰμόντων | |||||||
| middle | indicative | ἐκᾰμόμην | ἐκᾰ́μου | ἐκᾰ́μετο | ἐκᾰ́μεσθον | ἐκᾰμέσθην | ἐκᾰμόμεθᾰ | ἐκᾰ́μεσθε | ἐκᾰ́μοντο | ||||
| subjunctive | κᾰ́μωμαι | κᾰ́μῃ | κᾰ́μηται | κᾰ́μησθον | κᾰ́μησθον | κᾰμώμεθᾰ | κᾰ́μησθε | κᾰ́μωνται | |||||
| optative | κᾰμοίμην | κᾰ́μοιο | κᾰ́μοιτο | κᾰ́μοισθον | κᾰμοίσθην | κᾰμοίμεθᾰ | κᾰ́μοισθε | κᾰ́μοιντο | |||||
| imperative | κᾰμοῦ | κᾰμέσθω | κᾰ́μεσθον | κᾰμέσθων | κᾰ́μεσθε | κᾰμέσθων | |||||||
| active | middle | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | κᾰμεῖν | κᾰμέσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | κᾰμών | κᾰμόμενος | ||||||||||
| f | κᾰμοῦσᾰ | κᾰμομένη | |||||||||||
| n | κᾰμόν | κᾰμόμενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | κᾰ́μον | κᾰ́μες | κᾰ́με(ν) | κᾰ́μετον | κᾰμέτην | κᾰ́μομεν | κᾰ́μετε | κᾰ́μον | ||||
| middle | indicative | κᾰμόμην | κᾰ́μεο | κᾰ́μετο | κᾰ́μεσθον | κᾰμέσθην | κᾰμόμε(σ)θᾰ | κᾰ́μεσθε | κᾰ́μοντο | ||||
| Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
Perfect: κέκμηκᾰ
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | κέκμηκᾰ | κέκμηκᾰς | κέκμηκε(ν) | κεκμήκᾰτον | κεκμήκᾰτον | κεκμήκᾰμεν | κεκμήκᾰτε | κεκμήκᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | κεκμήκω | κεκμήκῃς | κεκμήκῃ | κεκμήκητον | κεκμήκητον | κεκμήκωμεν | κεκμήκητε | κεκμήκωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | κεκμήκοιμῐ, κεκμηκοίην |
κεκμήκοις, κεκμηκοίης |
κεκμήκοι, κεκμηκοίη |
κεκμήκοιτον | κεκμηκοίτην | κεκμήκοιμεν | κεκμήκοιτε | κεκμήκοιεν | |||||
| imperative | κέκμηκε | κεκμηκέτω | κεκμήκετον | κεκμηκέτων | κεκμήκετε | κεκμηκόντων | |||||||
| active | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | κεκμηκέναι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | κεκμηκώς | |||||||||||
| f | κεκμηκυῖᾰ | ||||||||||||
| n | κεκμηκός | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
Epic has the participle κεκμηώς, κεκμηυῖᾰ, κεκμηός | ||||||||||||
Pluperfect: ἐκεκμήκειν
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἐκεκμήκειν, ἐκεκμήκη |
ἐκεκμήκεις, ἐκεκμήκης |
ἐκεκμήκει(ν) | ἐκεκμήκετον | ἐκεκμηκέτην | ἐκεκμήκεμεν | ἐκεκμήκετε | ἐκεκμήκεσᾰν | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation. | ||||||||||||
Derived terms
- ἀκάμας (akámas)
- ἀκμής (akmḗs)
- κάματος (kámatos)
- κμητός (kmētós)
References
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 557
Further reading
- “κάμνω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “κάμνω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “κάμνω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- κάμνω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- κάμνω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
- “κάμνω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G2577 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
Greek
Conjugation
κάμνω (active forms only plus passive perfect participle)
| Active voice ➤ | ||||
| Indicative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect ➤ | Perfective aspect ➤ | ||
| Non-past tenses ➤ | Present ➤ | Dependent ➤ | ||
| 1 sg | κάμνω | κάμνω, κάμω | ||
| 2 sg | κάμνεις | κάμνεις, κάμεις | ||
| 3 sg | κάμνει | κάμνει, κάμει | ||
| 1 pl | κάμνουμε, [‑ομε] | κάμνουμε, [‑ομε], κάμουμε, [‑ομε] | ||
| 2 pl | κάμνετε | κάμνετε, κάμετε | ||
| 3 pl | κάμνουν(ε) | κάμνουν(ε), κάμουν(ε) | ||
| Past tenses ➤ | Imperfect ➤ | Simple past ➤ | ||
| 1 sg | έκαμνα | έκαμνα, έκαμα | ||
| 2 sg | έκαμνες | έκαμνες, έκαμες | ||
| 3 sg | έκαμνε | έκαμνε, έκαμε | ||
| 1 pl | κάμναμε | κάμναμε, κάμαμε | ||
| 2 pl | κάμνατε | κάμνατε, κάματε | ||
| 3 pl | έκαμναν, κάμναν(ε) | έκαμναν, κάμναν(ε), έκαμαν | ||
| Future tenses ➤ | Continuous ➤ | Simple ➤ | ||
| 1 sg | θα κάμνω ➤ | θα κάμνω / κάμω ➤ | ||
| 2,3 sg, 1,2,3 pl | θα κάμνεις, … | θα κάμνεις / κάμεις, … | ||
| Perfect aspect ➤ | ||||
| Present perfect ➤ | έχω, έχεις, … κάμνει / κάμει έχω, έχεις, … καμωμένο, ‑η, ‑ο ➤ |
είμαι, είσαι, … καμωμένος, ‑η, ‑ο ➤ (also passive voice) | ||
| Past perfect ➤ | είχα, είχες, … κάμνει / κάμει είχα, είχες, … καμωμένο, ‑η, ‑ο |
ήμουν, ήσουν, … καμωμένος, ‑η, ‑ο | ||
| Future perfect ➤ | θα έχω, θα έχεις, … κάμνει / κάμει θα έχω, θα έχεις, … καμωμένο, ‑η, ‑ο |
θα είμαι, θα είσαι, … καμωμένος, ‑η, ‑ο | ||
| Subjunctive mood ➤ | Formed using present, dependent (for simple past) or present perfect from above with a particle (να, ας). | |||
| Imperative mood ➤ | Imperfective aspect | Perfective aspect | ||
| 2 sg | κάμνε | κάμνε, κάμε | ||
| 2 pl | κάμνετε | κάντε, [κάμετε] | ||
| Other forms | ||||
| Active present participle ➤ | κάμνοντας ➤ | |||
| Active perfect participle ➤ | έχοντας κάμνει ➤ | |||
| Passive perfect participle ➤ | καμωμένος, ‑η, ‑ο ➤ | |||
| Nonfinite form ➤ | κάμνει, κάμει | |||
| Notes Appendix:Greek verbs |
• (…) optional or informal. […] rare. {…} learned, archaic. • Multiple forms are shown in order of reducing frequency. • Periphrastic imperative forms may be produced using the subjunctive. | |||
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