ظلم

Arabic

Etymology

From the root ظ ل م (ẓ-l-m). Compare Aramaic טלם.

Verb

ظَلَمَ (ẓalama) I, non-past يَظْلِمُ‎ (yaẓlimu)

  1. to wrong, to treat unjustly, to oppress
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 42:42:
      إِنَّمَا السَّبِيلُ عَلَى الَّذِينَ يَظْلِمُونَ النَّاسَ وَيَبْغُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ بِغَيْرِ الْحَقِّ ۚ أُولَٰئِكَ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ
      ʔinnamā s-sabīlu ʕalā allaḏīna yaẓlimūna an-nāsa wayabḡūna fī l-ʔarḍi biḡayri l-ḥaqqi ʔulāʔika lahum ʕaḏābun ʔalīmun
      Indeed, the blame lieth only upon those ones who oppress [their fellow] Man, and who are insolent throughout the earth without any right whatsoever. They are those for whom a punishment most painful [will suffice].

Conjugation

References

Verb

ظَلِمَ (ẓalima) I, non-past يَظْلَمُ‎ (yaẓlamu)

  1. to become dark

Conjugation

Verb

ظَلَّمَ (ẓallama) II, non-past يُظَلِّمُ‎ (yuẓallimu)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Conjugation

Noun

ظُلْم (ẓulm) m

  1. verbal noun of ظَلَمَ (ẓalama) (form I)
  2. wrong, wrongdoing, injustice, injuriousness, tyranny

Declension

Synonyms

Descendants

  • Azerbaijani: zülm
  • Ottoman Turkish: ظلم (zulm)
  • Persian: ظلم (zolm)
  • Swahili: dhuluma

References

Noun

ظُلَم (ẓulam) f pl

  1. plural of ظُلْمَة (ẓulma)

Noun

ظَلْم (ẓalm) m

  1. verbal noun of ظَلَمَ (ẓalama) (form I)

Declension

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ظ ل م

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Arabic ظَلَمَ (ẓalama).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /zˤa.lam/, [ˈzˤɑ.lɑm]
  • (file)

Verb

ظلم (ẓalam) (form I, present بظلم (boẓlom), passive participle مظلوم (maẓlūm))

  1. to wrong, to treat unjustly
  2. to oppress

Conjugation

    Conjugation of ظلم (ẓalam)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m ظلمت (ẓalamt) ظلمت (ẓalamt) ظلم (ẓalam) ظلمنا (ẓalamna) ظلمتو (ẓalamtu) ظلمو (ẓalamu)
f ظلمتي (ẓalamti) ظلمت (ẓalmat)
present m بظلم (baẓlom) بتظلم (btoẓlom) بظلم (boẓlom) منظلم (mnoẓlom) بتظلمو (btoẓlomu) بظلمو (boẓlomu)
f بتظلمي (btoẓlomi) بتظلم (btoẓlom)
subjunctive m أظلم (ʔaẓlom) تظلم (toẓlom) يظلم (yoẓlom) نظلم (noẓlom) تظلمو (toẓlomu) يظلمو (yoẓlomu)
f تظلمي (toẓlomi) تظلم (toẓlom)
imperative m اظلم (oẓlom) اظلمو (oẓlomu)
f اظلمي (oẓlomi)

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic ظُلْم (ẓulm, injustice) (though Classical Persian ظلم (zulm)).

Pronunciation

Noun

ظُلْم (z̤ulm) m (Hindi spelling ज़ुल्म)

  1. wrongdoing, misdeed, injustice
    Synonym: ناانصافی (nāinsāfī)
  2. tyranny, oppression
    Synonym: جبر (jabr)

Declension

Declension of ظلم
singular plural
direct ظُلم (zulm) ظُلم (zulm)
oblique ظُلم (zulm) ظُلموں (zulmō̃)
vocative ظُلم (zulm) ظُلمو (zulmō)

References

  • ظلم”, in اُردُو لُغَت (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • ظلم”, in Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English] (in English), Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2023.
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.