इतिहास
Hindi
Pronunciation
- (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /ɪ.t̪ɪ.ɦɑːs/, [ɪ.t̪ɪ.ɦäːs̪]
Noun
इतिहास • (itihās) m (Urdu spelling اتہاس)
- history
- इतिहास के विभाग में पाँच व्याख्याता हैं।
- itihās ke vibhāg mẽ pā̃c vyākhyātā ha͠i.
- There are five lecturers in the history department.
- इतिहास दोहराता है। ― itihās dohrātā hai. ― History repeats [itself].
Declension
Declension of इतिहास (masc cons-stem)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | इतिहास itihās |
इतिहास itihās |
| oblique | इतिहास itihās |
इतिहासों itihāsõ |
| vocative | इतिहास itihās |
इतिहासो itihāso |
Further reading
- Bahri, Hardev (1989), “इतिहास”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
Marathi
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /i.t̪i.ɦas/, [i.t̪iːas]
Nepali
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [it̪i(ɦ)äs]
- Phonetic Devanagari: इतिहास्
Pali
Alternative forms
Declension
Declension table of "इतिहास" (masculine)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | इतिहासो (itihāso) | इतिहासा (itihāsā) |
| Accusative (second) | इतिहासं (itihāsaṃ) | इतिहासे (itihāse) |
| Instrumental (third) | इतिहासेन (itihāsena) | इतिहासेहि (itihāsehi) or इतिहासेभि (itihāsebhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | इतिहासस्स (itihāsassa) or इतिहासाय (itihāsāya) or इतिहासत्थं (itihāsatthaṃ) | इतिहासानं (itihāsānaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | इतिहासस्मा (itihāsasmā) or इतिहासम्हा (itihāsamhā) or इतिहासा (itihāsā) | इतिहासेहि (itihāsehi) or इतिहासेभि (itihāsebhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | इतिहासस्स (itihāsassa) | इतिहासानं (itihāsānaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | इतिहासस्मिं (itihāsasmiṃ) or इतिहासम्हि (itihāsamhi) or इतिहासे (itihāse) | इतिहासेसु (itihāsesu) |
| Vocative (calling) | इतिहास (itihāsa) | इतिहासा (itihāsā) |
Sanskrit
FWOTD – 3 August 2022
Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
- ᬇᬢᬶᬳᬵᬲ (Balinese script)
- ইতিহাস (Assamese script)
- ইতিহাস (Bengali script)
- 𑰂𑰝𑰰𑰮𑰯𑰭 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀇𑀢𑀺𑀳𑀸𑀲 (Brahmi script)
- 𑌇𑌤𑌿𑌹𑌾𑌸 (Grantha script)
- ઇતિહાસ (Gujarati script)
- ਇਤਿਹਾਸ (Gurmukhi script)
- ꦆꦠꦶꦲꦴꦱ (Javanese script)
- ឥតិហាស (Khmer script)
- ಇತಿಹಾಸ (Kannada script)
- ອິຕິຫາສ (Lao script)
- ഇതിഹാസ (Malayalam script)
- 𑘂𑘝𑘱𑘮𑘰𑘭 (Modi script)
- ᢈᢐᢈᠾᠠᢗᠰᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- ᡳᢠᡳᡥᠠ᠊ᠠᠰ᠌ᠠ (Manchu script)
- ဣတိဟာသ (Burmese script)
- 𑦢𑦽𑧒𑧎𑧑𑧍 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐂𑐟𑐶𑐴𑐵𑐳 (Newa script)
- ଇତିହାସ (Oriya script)
- ꢄꢡꢶꢲꢵꢱ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆅𑆠𑆴𑆲𑆳𑆱 (Sharada script)
- 𑖂𑖝𑖰𑖮𑖯𑖭 (Siddham script)
- ඉතිහාස (Sinhalese script)
- ఇతిహాస (Telugu script)
- อิติหาส (Thai script)
- ཨི་ཏི་ཧཱ་ས (Tibetan script)
- 𑒃𑒞𑒱𑒯𑒰𑒮 (Tirhuta script)
Etymology
From इति (iti, “thus; so; like that”, quotative particle) + ह (ha, intensifying particle) + आस (āsa, “was”, first/third person perfective), from the root अस् (as, “to be”). Literally, "so it has been; it was exactly as narrated."
Noun
इतिहास • (itihāsá) m
- legend; tradition; traditional account of history; story
- c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda 15.6.4:
- स॒ बृहतीं॒ दि॒शम् अ॒नु व्य् अ॑चलत् ।
त॒म् इतिहास॒श् च पुराणं॒ च गा॒थाश् च नाराशंसी॒श् चानुव्य॑चलन् ।
इतिहास॒स्य च वै॒ स॒ पुराण॒स्य च गा॒थानां च नाराशंसी॒नां च प्रियं॒ धा॒म भवति य॒ एवं॒ वे॒द ॥- sa bṛhatīṃ diśam anu vy acalat .
tam itihāsaś ca purāṇaṃ ca gāthāś ca nārāśaṃsīś cānuvyacalan .
itihāsasya ca vai sa purāṇasya ca gāthānāṃ ca nārāśaṃsīnāṃ ca priyaṃ dhāma bhavati ya evaṃ veda .
- 1905 translation by W. D. Whitney
- He moved out toward the great quarter; after him moved out both the itihāsá ('narrative') and the purāṇá ('stories of eld') and the gā́thās ('songs') and nārāçaṅcī́s ('eulogies'). Verily both of the itihāsá and of the purāṇá and of the gā́thās and of the nārāçaṅcī́s doth he become the dear abode who knoweth thus.
- sa bṛhatīṃ diśam anu vy acalat .
- स॒ बृहतीं॒ दि॒शम् अ॒नु व्य् अ॑चलत् ।
- heroic legend; epic
Declension
| Masculine a-stem declension of इतिहास (itihāsá) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | इतिहासः itihāsáḥ |
इतिहासौ itihāsaú |
इतिहासाः / इतिहासासः¹ itihāsā́ḥ / itihāsā́saḥ¹ |
| Vocative | इतिहास ítihāsa |
इतिहासौ ítihāsau |
इतिहासाः / इतिहासासः¹ ítihāsāḥ / ítihāsāsaḥ¹ |
| Accusative | इतिहासम् itihāsám |
इतिहासौ itihāsaú |
इतिहासान् itihāsā́n |
| Instrumental | इतिहासेन itihāséna |
इतिहासाभ्याम् itihāsā́bhyām |
इतिहासैः / इतिहासेभिः¹ itihāsaíḥ / itihāsébhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | इतिहासाय itihāsā́ya |
इतिहासाभ्याम् itihāsā́bhyām |
इतिहासेभ्यः itihāsébhyaḥ |
| Ablative | इतिहासात् itihāsā́t |
इतिहासाभ्याम् itihāsā́bhyām |
इतिहासेभ्यः itihāsébhyaḥ |
| Genitive | इतिहासस्य itihāsásya |
इतिहासयोः itihāsáyoḥ |
इतिहासानाम् itihāsā́nām |
| Locative | इतिहासे itihāsé |
इतिहासयोः itihāsáyoḥ |
इतिहासेषु itihāséṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Derived terms
- ऐतिहासिक (aitihāsika)
Descendants
- → Assamese: ইতিহাস (itihax)
- → Bengali: ইতিহাস (itihas)
- → Gujarati: ઇતિહાસ (itihās)
- → Hindi: इतिहास (itihās)
- → Kannada: ಇತಿಹಾಸ (itihāsa)
- → Khmer: ឥតិហាស (ʼetehaah)
- → Marathi: इतिहास (itihās)
- → Nepali: इतिहास (itihās)
- → Newar: इतिहास (itihāsa)
- → Pali: itihāsa
- → Rajasthani: इतियास (itiyās)
- → Tamil: இதிகாசம் (itikācam)
- → Telugu: ఇతిహాసము (itihāsamu)
- → Urdu: اتہاس (itihās)
- → Vaghri: ઇતિહાસ (itihās) (learned)
References
- Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890), “इतिहासः”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 382
- “इतिहास॑” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 74, column 1.
- Monier Williams (1899), “Iti-hâsa”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 165/2.
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