कचरा

Hindi

Etymology

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit [Term?], from Sanskrit कच्चर (kaccara, “dirty, vile”). Compare Gujarati કચરો (kacro), Marathi कचरा (kaċrā). as well as phonologically similar terms such as Maharastri Prakrit 𑀓𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀯𑀸𑀭 (kaccavāra), Sanskrit कङ्कर (kaṅkara), कट्वर (kaṭvara), etc. The variety of forms points to a substrate borrowing; compare Kannada ಕಸ (kasa, “dirt”), Tamil கசடு (kacaṭu).

Pronunciation
  • (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /kət͡ʃ.ɾɑː/, [kət͡ʃ.ɾäː]

Noun

कचरा • (kacrā) m (Urdu spelling کچرا‎)

  1. garbage (waste, unneeded refuse)
    यहाँ एक बड़ा कचरे का टीला है।
    yahā̃ ek baṛā kacre kā ṭīlā hai.
    There is a large mound of garbage here.

Declension
Declension of कचरा (masc ā-stem)
singular plural
direct कचरा
kacrā		 कचरे
kacre
oblique कचरे
kacre		 कचरों
kacrõ
vocative कचरे
kacre		 कचरो
kacro

Descendants
  • Burmese: ကချလာ (ka.hkya.la)

References

Marathi

Etymology

Inherited from Maharastri Prakrit 𑀓𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀯𑀸𑀭 (kaċċavāra)

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kət͡s.ɾa/

Noun

कचरा • (kaċrā) m

  1. waste, rubbish, garbage
    Synonym: टाकाऊ (ṭākāū)

Declension
Declension of कचरा (kacrā)
direct
singular		 कचरा
kacrā
direct
plural		 कचरे
kaċre
singular plural
nominative कचरा
kacrā		 कचरे
kaċre
oblique कचर्या-
kaċryā-		 कचर्यां-
kaċryāN-
dative कचर्याला
kaċryālā		 कचर्यांना
kaċryāNnā
ergative कचर्याने
kaċryāne		 कचर्यांनी
kaċryāNni
instrumental कचर्याशी
kaċryāśi		 कचर्यांशी
kaċryāNśi
locative कचर्यात
kaċryāt		 कचर्यांत
kaċryāNt
vocative कचर्या
kaċryā		 कचर्यांनो
kaċryāNno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions.
There is no space between the stem and the postposition.
Dative Note: -स (-sa) is archaic. -ते (-te) is limited to literary usage.
Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.
Genitive declension of कचरा
masculine object feminine object neuter object oblique
singular plural singular plural singular* plural
singular subject कचर्याचा
kaċryāċā		 कचर्याचे
kaċryāce		 कचर्याची
kaċryāci		 कचर्याच्या
kaċryāca		 कचर्याचे, कचर्याचं
kaċryāce, kaċryāċa		 कचर्याची
kaċryāci		 कचर्याच्या
kaċryāca
plural subject कचर्यांचा
kaċryāNċā		 कचर्यांचे
kaċryāNce		 कचर्यांची
kaċryāNci		 कचर्यांच्या
kaċryāNca		 कचर्यांचे, कचर्यांचं
kaċryāNce, kaċryāNċa		 कचर्यांची
kaċryāNci		 कचर्यांच्या
kaċryāNca
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a).
Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

References
  • Berntsen, Maxine, “कचरा”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.
  • Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “कचरा”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
  • Date, Yasavanta Ramakrshna (1932-1950), “कचरा”, in Maharashtra Sabdakosa (in Marathi), Pune: Maharashtra Kosamandala.
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “kaccara”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
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