गाल
Hindi
Etymology
Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀕𑀮𑁆𑀮 (galla), from Sanskrit गल्ल (galla), variant of Sanskrit गण्ड (gaṇḍa), ultimate origins unclear, possibly from Proto-Dravidian [Term?]. Cognate with Assamese গাল (gal), Bengali গাল (gal), Gujarati ગાલ (gāl), Konkani गाल (gāl), Marathi गाल (gāl).
Pronunciation
- (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /ɡɑːl/, [ɡäːl̪]
Declension
Declension of गाल (fem cons-stem)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| direct | गाल gāl |
गालें gālẽ |
| oblique | गाल gāl |
गालों gālõ |
| vocative | गाल gāl |
गालो gālo |
References
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “galla”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
Konkani
Marathi
Etymology
Inherited from Maharastri Prakrit 𑀕𑀮𑁆𑀮 (galla), from Sanskrit गल्ल (galla), variant of Sanskrit गण्ड (gaṇḍa), ultimate origins unclear, possibly from Proto-Dravidian [Term?]. Cognate with Assamese গাল (gal), Bengali গাল (gal), Gujarati ગાલ (gāl), Hindi गाल (gāl), Konkani गाल (gāl).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ɡal/
Declension
| Declension of गाल (gāl) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| direct singular |
गाल gāl | ||
| direct plural |
गाल gāl | ||
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | गाल gāl |
गाल gāl | |
| oblique | गाला- gālā- |
गालां- gālāN- | |
| dative | गालाला gālālā |
गालांना gālāNnā | |
| ergative | गालाने gālāne |
गालांनी gālāNni | |
| instrumental | गालाशी gālāśi |
गालांशी gālāNśi | |
| locative | गालात gālāt |
गालांत gālāNt | |
| vocative | गाला gālā |
गालांनो gālāNno | |
| Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Dative Note: -स (-sa) is archaic. -ते (-te) is limited to literary usage. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition. | |||
| Genitive declension of गाल | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine object | feminine object | neuter object | oblique | |||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | singular* | plural | |||
| singular subject | गालाचा gālāċā |
गालाचे gālāce |
गालाची gālāci |
गालाच्या gālāca |
गालाचे, गालाचं gālāce, gālāċa |
गालाची gālāci |
गालाच्या gālāca | |
| plural subject | गालांचा gālāNċā |
गालांचे gālāNce |
गालांची gālāNci |
गालांच्या gālāNca |
गालांचे, गालांचं gālāNce, gālāNċa |
गालांची gālāNci |
गालांच्या gālāNca | |
| * Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition. | ||||||||
Derived terms
- गालगुच्चा (gālguċċā, “pinch on the cheek”)
- गालबोट (gālboṭ, “blemish”)
References
- Berntsen, Maxine, “गाल”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.
- Molesworth, James Thomas (1857), “गाल”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “galla”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
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