छगल
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ᬙᬕᬮ (Balinese script)
- ছগল (Assamese script)
- ছগল (Bengali script)
- 𑰔𑰐𑰩 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀙𑀕𑀮 (Brahmi script)
- 𑌛𑌗𑌲 (Grantha script)
- છગલ (Gujarati script)
- ਛਗਲ (Gurmukhi script)
- ꦖꦒꦭ (Javanese script)
- ឆគល (Khmer script)
- ಛಗಲ (Kannada script)
- ຉຄລ (Lao script)
- ഛഗല (Malayalam script)
- 𑘔𑘐𑘩 (Modi script)
- ᠼᠠᠺᠠᠯᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- ᡮᠠᡤᠠᠯᠠ (Manchu script)
- ဆဂလ (Burmese script)
- 𑦴𑦰𑧉 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐕𑐐𑐮 (Newa script)
- ଛଗଲ (Oriya script)
- ꢘꢔꢭ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆗𑆓𑆬 (Sharada script)
- 𑖔𑖐𑖩 (Siddham script)
- ඡගල (Sinhalese script)
- ఛగల (Telugu script)
- ฉคล (Thai script)
- ཚ་ག་ལ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒕𑒑𑒪 (Tirhuta script)
Etymology
From an unattested Old Indo-Aryan *chaga (a variant of छाग (chā́ga), which is attested in the Rigveda; also attested as Classical Sanskrit छग (chaga)) + -ल (-la, extension), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sčā́gas (compare Ossetian цæҕæ (“billy-goat”) and Wakhi čəɣ̌ (“kid”)), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱégos (“goat, sheep”) (compare Proto-Germanic *skēpą),[1] or a borrowing from a substrate language.[2]
Declension
| Masculine a-stem declension of छगल (chagalá) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | छगलः chagaláḥ |
छगलौ chagalaú |
छगलाः / छगलासः¹ chagalā́ḥ / chagalā́saḥ¹ |
| Vocative | छगल chágala |
छगलौ chágalau |
छगलाः / छगलासः¹ chágalāḥ / chágalāsaḥ¹ |
| Accusative | छगलम् chagalám |
छगलौ chagalaú |
छगलान् chagalā́n |
| Instrumental | छगलेन chagaléna |
छगलाभ्याम् chagalā́bhyām |
छगलैः / छगलेभिः¹ chagalaíḥ / chagalébhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | छगलाय chagalā́ya |
छगलाभ्याम् chagalā́bhyām |
छगलेभ्यः chagalébhyaḥ |
| Ablative | छगलात् chagalā́t |
छगलाभ्याम् chagalā́bhyām |
छगलेभ्यः chagalébhyaḥ |
| Genitive | छगलस्य chagalásya |
छगलयोः chagaláyoḥ |
छगलानाम् chagalā́nām |
| Locative | छगले chagalé |
छगलयोः chagaláyoḥ |
छगलेषु chagaléṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Derived terms
- छागल (chāgala) (vṛddhi derivative)
Terms derived from छागल (chāgala)
- छगली (chagalī)
Terms derived from छगली (chagalī)
- Maithili: chagrī
- Devanagari script: छगरी
- Tirhuta script: 𑒕𑒑𑒩𑒲
- छगलिका (chagalikā)
Terms derived from छगलिका (chagalikā), छेलिका (chelikā)
- Pali: chakalī
- Prakrit: *𑀙𑀕𑀮-𑀈𑀕𑀸 (*chagala-īgā), 𑀙𑁂𑀮-𑀈𑀆 (chela-īā)
- Middle Bengali: ছালিয়া (chalia), ছেলিয়া (chelia), ছেলি (cheli)
- Bengali: ছেলে (chele)
- Gurjar Apabhramsa:
- Gujarati: છાળી (chāḷī)
- Marwari: छाळी (chāḷī)
- Hindustani: cherī
- Hindi: छेरी
- Urdu: چھیرِی
- Old Marathi: śeḷī(meṃḍhī), seḷī
- Devanagari script: शेळी(मेंढी), सेळी
- Modi script: 𑘫𑘹𑘯𑘲(𑘦𑘹𑘽𑘛𑘲), 𑘭𑘹𑘯𑘲
- Marathi: शेळी (śeḷī)
- Oriya: ଛେଳି (cheḷi)
- Punjabi: chēlī
- Gurmukhi script: ਛੇਲੀ
- Shahmukhi script: چھیلِی
- Middle Bengali: ছালিয়া (chalia), ছেলিয়া (chelia), ছেলি (cheli)
- छगलक (chagalaka)
Terms derived from छगलक (chagalaka), छेलक (chelaka)
- Pali: chakalaka
- Prakrit: 𑀙𑁂𑀮𑀕 (chelaga), 𑀙𑁂𑀮𑀬 (chelaya)
- Middle Bengali: ছালিয়া (chalia)
- Marwari: छाळौ (chāḷau)
- Punjabi: chēlā
- Gurmukhi script: ਛੇਲਾ
- Shahmukhi script: چھیلا
Descendants
Terms descended from *chagalla
- Sindhi: (with Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓- (-ka-))
- Arabic script: ڇيلو
- Devanagari script: छेलो
- Khudawadi script: 𑋁𑋥𑋚𑋧 (chelo)
Terms descended from *chagara
- Old Marathi: seraḍuṃ (with Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀟- (-ḍa-) + -𑀉𑀓- (-uka-))
- Devanagari script: सेरडुं
- Modi script: 𑘭𑘹𑘨𑘚𑘳𑘽
Terms descended from *chaggala
- Old Marathi: sāgaḷa
- Devanagari script: सागळ
- Modi script: 𑘭𑘰𑘐𑘯
References
- Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world, Oxford University Press, page 140: “*(s)k̂egos”
- Lubotsky, Alexander (1999), “The Indo-Iranian substratum”, in Early Contacts between Uralic and Indo-European: Linguistic and Archaeological Considerations, Helsinki, page 3
- “छगल॑” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 176, column 1.
- Monier Williams (1899), “Chagalá”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 404, column 1.
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “chagala”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 271
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