浴びせる

Japanese

Etymology
Kanji in this term
浴
あ
Grade: 4
kun’yomi

/abusu/ → /abusuru/ → /abisuru/ → /abiseru/

From classical verb 浴びす (abisu), itself from older 浴ぶす (abusu), ultimately from Old Japanese 浴むす (amusu).[1]

Development
Natural progression from Old and Classical Japanese 下二段活用 (shimo nidan katsuyō, “lower bigrade conjugation”) verbs ending in -u to modern Japanese 下一段活用 (shimo ichidan katsuyō, “lower monograde conjugation”) verbs ending in -eru.

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) あびせる [àbísérú] (Heiban – [0])[2]
  • IPA(key): [a̠bʲise̞ɾɯ̟ᵝ]

Verb

浴(あ)びせる • (abiseru) transitive ichidan (stem 浴(あ)びせ (abise), past 浴(あ)びせた (abiseta))

  1. to pour (water) on
  2. to be subject to, shower (abuse) upon, deluge with
    彼(かれ)は私(わたし)に毒舌(どくぜつ)を浴(あ)びせた。 ― kare wa watashi ni dokuzetsu o abiseta. ― He showered abuse on me.
  3. to pass (responsibility, notoriety, a difficult problem, etc.) onto; compare English pass the torch
  4. (sumo) to put one’s body onto (an opponent)

Conjugation
Conjugation of "浴びせる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") 浴びせ あびせ abise
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") 浴びせ あびせ abise
Shūshikei ("terminal") 浴びせる あびせる abiseru
Rentaikei ("attributive") 浴びせる あびせる abiseru
Kateikei ("hypothetical") 浴びせれ あびせれ abisere
Meireikei ("imperative") 浴びせよ¹
浴びせろ²		 あびせよ¹
あびせろ²		 abiseyo¹
abisero²
Key constructions
Passive 浴びせられる あびせられる abiserareru
Causative 浴びせさせる
浴びせさす		 あびせさせる
あびせさす		 abisesaseru
abisesasu
Potential 浴びせられる
浴びせれる³		 あびせられる
あびせれる³		 abiserareru
abisereru³
Volitional 浴びせよう あびせよう abiseyō
Negative 浴びせない
浴びせぬ
浴びせん		 あびせない
あびせぬ
あびせん		 abisenai
abisenu
abisen
Negative continuative 浴びせず あびせず abisezu
Formal 浴びせます あびせます abisemasu
Perfective 浴びせた あびせた abiseta
Conjunctive 浴びせて あびせて abisete
Hypothetical conditional 浴びせれば あびせれば abisereba
¹ Written imperative
² Spoken imperative
³ Colloquial potential

Derived terms

Idioms
  • 座(ざ)頭(とう)に煮(に)え湯(ゆ)を浴(あ)びせる (zatō ni nie yu o abiseru)
  • 冷(ひ)や水(みず)を浴(あ)びせる (hiyamizu o abiseru)

References
  1. 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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