諺

See also: 谚
諺 U+8AFA, 諺
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8AFA
← 諹
[U+8AF9] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 諻 →
[U+8AFB]

Translingual

Han character

諺 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+9, 16 strokes, cangjie input 卜口卜竹竹 (YRYHH) or 卜口卜大竹 (YRYKH), four-corner 00622, composition ⿰訁彦 or ⿰訁彥)

References
  • KangXi: page 1172, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35747
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1637, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4001, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+8AFA

Chinese
trad. 諺
simp. 谚

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (彦) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
喭 *ŋaːns, *ŋrans
鏟 *sŋ̊ʰreːnʔ, *sŋ̊ʰraːns
産 *sŋreːnʔ
簅 *sreːnʔ
摌 *sreːnʔ
嵼 *sŋreːnʔ
滻 *sŋreːnʔ
顏 *ŋraːn
楌 *ŋraːn
偐 *ŋraːns
齴 *ŋranʔ
遃 *ŋranʔ
嵃 *ŋranʔ
彦 *ŋrans
諺 *ŋrans

Pronunciation

Note:
  • giān - literary;
  • gān - vernacular.
Rime
Character 諺
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 疑 (31)
Final (韻) 仙 (79)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 魚變切
Baxter ngjenH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ŋˠiᴇnH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ŋᵚiɛnH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ŋiænH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ŋianH/
Li
Rong		 /ŋjɛnH/
Wang
Li		 /ŋĭɛnH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ŋi̯ɛnH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yàn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 jin6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 諺
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yàn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ngjenH ›
Old
Chinese		 /*ŋra[n]-s/
English saying, proverb

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 諺
Reading # 1/1
No. 14413
Phonetic
component		 彦
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 彥
Old
Chinese		 /*ŋrans/

Definitions

諺

  1. proverb; maxim
  2. Korean hangul
    See also: 諺文
    《論語諺解》／《论语谚解》  ―  “Lùnyǔ yànjiě”  ―  The Analects, with Korean Translation

Compounds
  • 農諺／农谚 (nóngyàn)
  • 鄙諺／鄙谚
  • 里諺／里谚
  • 野諺／野谚

Japanese

Kanji
諺

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

Readings

Compounds
Compounds
Kanji in this term
諺
ことわざ
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

Etymology

From 言(こと) (koto) + 業(わざ) (waza).

Pronunciation

Noun

諺(ことわざ) • (kotowaza) 

  1. a proverb (phrase expressing a basic truth)

Usage notes

Both kanji and hiragana form are common.

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

諺 • (eon, an) (hangeul 언, 안, revised eon, an, McCune–Reischauer ŏn, an, Yale en, an)

  1. old name for Hangeul, the Korean script; Eonmun
  2. vernacular Korean language (in contrast to written Chinese texts)
  3. a proverb

Vietnamese

Han character

諺: Hán Nôm readings: ngạn

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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