кисна

Bulgarian

Etymology

Verb

ки́сна • (kísna) impf

(transitive) to soak, to make wet
Synonym: мокря (mokrja)
(intransitive) to ferment, to rot
(figurative) to waste time, to languish
кисна на опашката ― kisna na opaškata ― I waste time in the queue

Conjugation

Conjugation of ки́сна (conjugation 1.2, imperfective, transitive)

participles		present active participle	past active aorist participle	past active imperfect participle	past passive participle	verbal noun	adverbial participle
masculine	indefinite	ки́снещ kísnešt	ки́снал, кисна́л¹ kísnal, kisnál¹	ки́снел kísnel	ки́снат kísnat		ки́снейки kísnejki
	definite subject form	ки́снещият kísneštijat	ки́сналият, кисна́лият¹ kísnalijat, kisnálijat¹	—	ки́снатият kísnatijat
	definite object form	ки́снещия kísneštija	ки́сналия, кисна́лия¹ kísnalija, kisnálija¹	—	ки́снатия kísnatija
feminine	indefinite	ки́снеща kísnešta	ки́снала, кисна́ла¹ kísnala, kisnála¹	ки́снела kísnela	ки́сната kísnata
feminine	definite	ки́снещата kísneštata	ки́сналата, кисна́лата¹ kísnalata, kisnálata¹	—	ки́снатата kísnatata
neuter	indefinite	ки́снещо kísnešto	ки́снало, кисна́ло¹ kísnalo, kisnálo¹	ки́снело kísnelo	ки́снато kísnato	ки́снене kísnene
neuter	definite	ки́снещото kísneštoto	ки́сналото, кисна́лото¹ kísnaloto, kisnáloto¹	—	ки́снатото kísnatoto	ки́сненето kísneneto
plural	indefinite	ки́снещи kísnešti	ки́снали, кисна́ли¹ kísnali, kisnáli¹	ки́снели kísneli	ки́снати kísnati	ки́снения, ки́сненета kísnenija, kísneneta
plural	definite	ки́снещите kísneštite	ки́сналите, кисна́лите¹ kísnalite, kisnálite¹	—	ки́снатите kísnatite	ки́сненията, ки́сненетата kísnenijata, kísnenetata

person		singular			plural
person		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present		ки́сна kísna	ки́снеш kísneš	ки́сне kísne	ки́снем kísnem	ки́снете kísnete	ки́снат kísnat
imperfect		ки́снех kísneh	ки́снеше kísneše	ки́снеше kísneše	ки́снехме kísnehme	ки́снехте kísnehte	ки́снеха kísneha
aorist		ки́снах, кисна́х¹ kísnah, kisnáh¹	ки́сна, кисна́¹ kísna, kisná¹	ки́сна, кисна́¹ kísna, kisná¹	ки́снахме, кисна́хме¹ kísnahme, kisnáhme¹	ки́снахте, кисна́хте¹ kísnahte, kisnáhte¹	ки́снаха, кисна́ха¹ kísnaha, kisnáha¹
future	pos.	Use ще followed by the present indicative tense
future	neg.	Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense
future in the past	pos.	Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
future in the past	neg.	Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense
present perfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and ки́снал/кисна́л¹ m, ки́снала/кисна́ла¹ f, ки́снало/кисна́ло¹ n, or ки́снали/кисна́ли¹ pl
past perfect		Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and ки́снал/кисна́л¹ m, ки́снала/кисна́ла¹ f, ки́снало/кисна́ло¹ n, or ки́снали/кисна́ли¹ pl
future perfect		Use the future indicative tense of съм and ки́снал/кисна́л¹ m, ки́снала/кисна́ла¹ f, ки́снало/кисна́ло¹ n, or ки́снали/кисна́ли¹ pl
future perfect in the past		Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and ки́снал/кисна́л¹ m, ки́снала/кисна́ла¹ f, ки́снало/кисна́ло¹ n, or ки́снали/кисна́ли¹ pl
renarrative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and ки́снел m, ки́снела f, ки́снело n, or ки́снели pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and ки́снал/кисна́л¹ m, ки́снала/кисна́ла¹ f, ки́снало/кисна́ло¹ n, or ки́снали/кисна́ли¹ pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
future and future in the past	neg.	Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and ки́снал/кисна́л¹ m, ки́снала/кисна́ла¹ f, ки́снало/кисна́ло¹ n, or ки́снали/кисна́ли¹ pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and ки́снал/кисна́л¹ m, ки́снала/кисна́ла¹ f, ки́снало/кисна́ло¹ n, or ки́снали/кисна́ли¹ pl
dubitative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and ки́снел m, ки́снела f, ки́снело n, or ки́снели pl
aorist		Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and ки́снал/кисна́л¹ m, ки́снала/кисна́ла¹ f, ки́снало/кисна́ло¹ n, or ки́снали/кисна́ли¹ pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
future and future in the past	neg.	Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		none
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and ки́снал/кисна́л¹ m, ки́снала/кисна́ла¹ f, ки́снало/кисна́ло¹ n, or ки́снали/кисна́ли¹ pl
conclusive		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and ки́снел m, ки́снела f, ки́снело n, or ки́снели pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм and ки́снал/кисна́л¹ m, ки́снала/кисна́ла¹ f, ки́снало/кисна́ло¹ n, or ки́снали/кисна́ли¹ pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
future and future in the past	neg.	Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and ки́снал/кисна́л¹ m, ки́снала/кисна́ла¹ f, ки́снало/кисна́ло¹ n, or ки́снали/кисна́ли¹ pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and ки́снал/кисна́л¹ m, ки́снала/кисна́ла¹ f, ки́снало/кисна́ло¹ n, or ки́снали/кисна́ли¹ pl
conditional		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
conditional		Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and ки́снал/кисна́л¹ m, ки́снала/кисна́ла¹ f, ки́снало/кисна́ло¹ n, or ки́снали/кисна́ли¹ pl
imperative		-	ти	-	-	вие	-
imperative			кисни́ kisní			кисне́те kisnéte

¹Dialectally marked.

Derived terms

вкисвам (vkisvam, “to get sour, to spoil”)
накисвам (nakisvam, “to souk up”)

Related terms

окис (okis, “acidity”)
кисло (kislo, “wetness, moldiness”) (dialectal)
кисел (kisel, “sour”)
квася (kvasja, “to fermentalize”)
кипя (kipja, “to soothe”) (possibly)
късен (kǎsen, “late, overdue (for time)”) (possibly)

References

кисна in Rečnik na bǎlgarskija ezik (Institut za bǎlgarski ezik)
Georgiev V. I., editor (1979), “кисна”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 389

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