хлѣбъ
Bulgarian
Declension
This noun needs an inflection-table template.
Old Church Slavonic
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *xlěbъ, from Proto-Germanic *hlaibaz, compare Gothic 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃 (hlaifs).
Declension
Declension of хлѣбъ (hard o-stem)
| Case | Singular | Dual | Plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | хлѣбъ xlěbŭ |
хлѣба xlěba |
хлѣби xlěbi |
| Accusative | хлѣбъ xlěbŭ |
хлѣба xlěba |
хлѣбꙑ xlěby |
| Genitive | хлѣба xlěba |
хлѣбоу xlěbu |
хлѣбъ xlěbŭ |
| Locative | хлѣбѣ xlěbě |
хлѣбоу xlěbu |
хлѣбѣхъ xlěběxŭ |
| Dative | хлѣбоу xlěbu |
хлѣбома xlěboma |
хлѣбомъ xlěbomŭ |
| Instrumental | хлѣбомь xlěbomĭ |
хлѣбома xlěboma |
хлѣбꙑ xlěby |
| Vocative | хлѣбе xlěbe |
хлѣба xlěba |
хлѣби xlěbi |
Old East Slavic
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xlě̀bъ, further probably borrowed from Gothic 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃 (hlaifs), 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌱𐍃 (hlaibs), ultimately from Proto-Germanic *hlaibaz.
Pronunciation
Declension
Declension of хлѣбъ (hard o-stem)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | хлѣбъ xlěbŭ |
хлѣба xlěba |
хлѣби xlěbi |
| Genitive | хлѣба xlěba |
хлѣбу xlěbu |
хлѣбъ xlěbŭ |
| Dative | хлѣбу xlěbu |
хлѣбома xlěboma |
хлѣбомъ xlěbomŭ |
| Accusative | хлѣбъ xlěbŭ |
хлѣба xlěba |
хлѣбꙑ xlěby |
| Instrumental | хлѣбъмь xlěbŭmĭ |
хлѣбома xlěboma |
хлѣбꙑ xlěby |
| Locative | хлѣбѣ xlěbě |
хлѣбу xlěbu |
хлѣбѣхъ xlěběxŭ |
| Vocative | хлѣбе xlěbe |
хлѣба xlěba |
хлѣби xlěbi |
Descendants
References
- Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1912), “хлѣбъ”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments] (in Russian), volume 3 (Р – Ꙗ и дополненія), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 1371
Old Ruthenian
хлѣбъ
Alternative forms
- клѣбъ
Etymology
Inherited from Old East Slavic хлѣбъ (xlěbŭ), from Proto-Slavic *xlě̀bъ, probably borrowed from Gothic 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍆𐍃 (hlaifs), 𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌱𐍃 (hlaibs), from Proto-Germanic *hlaibaz. Cognate with Russian хлеб (xleb).
Noun
хлѣбъ • (transliteration needed) m inan (related adjective хлѣ́бный)
Further reading
- Hrynchyshyn, D. H., editor (1978), “хлєбъ”, in Словник староукраїнської мови XIV–XV ст. [Dictionary of the Old Ukrainian Language of the 14ᵗʰ – 15ᵗʰ cc.] (in Ukrainian), volume 2 (Н – Ѳ), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 507
- Bulyka, A. M., editor (2016), “хлебъ”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), issue 36 (фолкга – чорно), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN, page 82
Russian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [xlʲep]
Noun
хлѣбъ • (xlěb) m inan (genitive хлѣ́ба, nominative plural хлѣ́бы, genitive plural хлѣ́бовъ)
- Pre-1918 spelling of хлеб (xleb, “bread, loaf”).
Declension
Pre-reform declension of хлѣбъ (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-a)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | хлѣ́бъ xlě́b |
хлѣ́бы xlě́by |
| genitive | хлѣ́ба xlě́ba |
хлѣ́бовъ xlě́bov |
| dative | хлѣ́бу xlě́bu |
хлѣ́бамъ xlě́bam |
| accusative | хлѣ́бъ xlě́b |
хлѣ́бы xlě́by |
| instrumental | хлѣ́бомъ xlě́bom |
хлѣ́бами xlě́bami |
| prepositional | хлѣ́бѣ xlě́bě |
хлѣ́бахъ xlě́bax |
Noun
хлѣбъ • (xlěb) m inan (genitive хлѣ́ба, nominative plural хлѣба́, genitive plural хлѣбо́въ)
- Pre-1918 spelling of хлеб (xleb, “grain”).
Declension
Pre-reform declension of хлѣбъ (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-c irreg)
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | хлѣ́бъ xlě́b |
хлѣба́△ xlěbá△ |
| genitive | хлѣ́ба xlě́ba |
хлѣбо́въ xlěbóv |
| dative | хлѣ́бу xlě́bu |
хлѣба́мъ xlěbám |
| accusative | хлѣ́бъ xlě́b |
хлѣба́△ xlěbá△ |
| instrumental | хлѣ́бомъ xlě́bom |
хлѣба́ми xlěbámi |
| prepositional | хлѣ́бѣ xlě́bě |
хлѣба́хъ xlěbáx |
△ Irregular.
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