بن

Base form of اِبْن‎ (ibn). From Proto-Semitic *bin-. Compare Hebrew בֵּן‎.

• IPA^(key): /ibn/

بْن • (bn) m

1. Alternative spelling of اِبْن‎ (ibn)

Used after another noun (which necessarily ends in a vowel if case endings are preserved).

Borrowed from Classical Syriac ܒܽܘܢܳܐ‎ (būnā), which, attested as “barley soaked in water”, underwent a meaning development in 14^th-century Yemen due to brewages of sundry appetizing beverages, less likely in view of the pungent fish-sauce بُنّ‎ (bunn), but from the picture of barley grains to the coffee bean in particular. Compare meaning transferrals in the spice-names قِزْح‎ (qizḥ) and بِسْبَاس‎ (bisbās), and خَنْدَرِيس‎ (ḵandarīs, “spelt; gruel”) to “wine”, as قَهْوَة‎ (qahwa, “coffee”) originally meant “wine”. This specific meaning strain—it was only generalized in Ethiopia to mean the berry, powder and decoct of coffee too—is confirmed by Ancient Greek βύνη (búnē, “malt”), a borrowing found in Late Antiquity’s Papyrus Graecus Holmiensis and Aëtius of Amida. The further origin can be a technical term restricted from the well-known Middle Iranian word for “base, grounds” found as Classical Persian بن‎ (bun) and Old Armenian բուն (bun), also borrowed directly from Iranian in Omani Arabic بون‎ (būn), compare the Iranianism reflected in Arabic دُرْدِيّ‎ (durdiyy, “lees, amurca”).

• IPA^(key): /bunn/

بُنّ • (bunn) m (plural أَبْنَان‎ (ʔabnān)) (usually uncountable)

1. coffee beans, coffee
2. coffee tree
3. (obsolete) a fine strong fragrance

• بُنِّيّ‎ (bunniyy)

• → Afar: bún, búun; búna, buná
• → Amharic: ቡን (bunn)
  • ⇒ Amharic: ቡና (bunna)
    • → Afar: buna
    • → Awngi: bunnoa
    • → Kafa: buno
    • → Oromo: buna
    • → Sidamo: buna
    • → Waata: bunna
    • → Wolaytta: bunna
• → Coptic: ⲡⲟⲛ (pon)
• → Gujarati: બૂંદ (bū̃d)
• → Tigre: ቡን (bun)
• → Tigrinya: ቡን (bun)
• → Ottoman Turkish: بن‎ (bünn)
• → Swahili: buni

• قَهْوَة‎ (qahwa)

• Landberg, Carlo, editor (1909) Études sur les dialectes de l'Arabie méridionale. Deuxième volume. Daṯînah. Deuxième partie‎ (in French), Leiden: Brill, pages 1062–1064

Back-formation from بُنِّيّ‎ (bunniyy, “Labeobarbus bynni”), a well-eaten fish of the highest frequency in the Nile.

• IPA^(key): /bunn/

بُنّ • (bunn) m

1. (obsolete) brine, pickling-solution, a fish-dish from the salt water in which for example Labeobarbus bynni has been preserved.

• مُرِّيّ‎ (murriyy)
• مَرَقَة‎ (maraqa)
• رُبَيْثَاء‎ (rubayṯāʔ)
• صِير‎ (ṣīr)
• أُجَاج‎ (ʔujāj)

• Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881), “بن”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 116
• Freytag, Georg (1830), “بن”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 158b
• Lane, Edward William (1863), “بن”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, pages 258a–b
• Streck, Maximilian (1907), “Bemerkungen zu einigen arabischen Fischnamen”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎ (in German), volume 61, page 638

• IPA^(key): /bin/

بِنْ • (bin) (form I)

1. second-person masculine singular active imperative of بَانَ‎ (bāna)

• IPA^(key): /bin.na/

بِنَّ • (binna) (form I)

1. second-person feminine plural active imperative of بَانَ‎ (bāna)
2. third-person feminine plural past active of بَانَ‎ (bāna)

بن (ban)

1. village

• IPA^(key): [ban]

بن (ban) m

1. closed

From Proto-Turkic *ben (“I”).

بن • (ben)

1. I

• Turkish: ben

From Arabic اِبْن‎ (ibn, “son”).

بن • (bin) (plural بنی‎)

1. son (only used at names, e.g. Ahmet bin Ali - “the son of Ali, Ahmed”)

   Synonym: اوغلی‎ (oğlu)

• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “بن”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, Constantinople: Mihran, page 277
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “بنی”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 390

From Proto-Iranian *hapáθniH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sapátniH (“co-wife”). Compare Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬞𐬀𐬚𐬥𐬍‎ (hapaθnī) and Sanskrit सपत्नी (sapatnī).

• IPA^(key): /bən/

بن • (bën) f

1. co-wife

From Middle Persian [script needed] (bwn' /bun/), from Proto-Iranian *buHnáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰudʰnás, from *bʰudʰmḗn.

بن • (bon)

1. bottom
2. foundation
3. root

• بنگاه‎ (bongâh, “organization, institution”)
• بن‌بست‎ (bon-bast, “dead-end”)

From late Middle Persian [script needed] (bwn' /bun/), from earlier [script needed] (wn' /wan/, “tree; stock, stem”) also present as ون‎ (van, “ash tree”).

بن • (bon)

1. bush
2. tree

• گلبن‎ (golbon)
• خاربن‎ (xârbon)
• سروبن‎ (sarvbon)

From Arabic بِن‎ (bin, “son”).

بن • (ben)

1. bin (in Arabic names)

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

بن • (ben)

1. Ben (the capital city of Ben County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran).
2. Ben (a county of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran).

From German Bonn.

بن • (bon)

1. Bonn (a city in North Rhine-Westphalia; former capital city of Germany)

From Arabic بُنّ‎ (bunn).

• IPA^(key): /binn/, [bɪn]

• Audio (Ramallah)

  (file)

بنّ • (binn) m

1. coffee beans
2. ground coffee

• قهوة‎ (ʔahwe, “coffee”)
• بني‎ (binni, “brown”)