جھنڈا

Kohistani Shina

Noun

جھنڈا (jhanḍā)

  1. flag

Punjabi

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit *ध्वजदण्ड (dhvajadaṇḍa, “flagstaff”)[1], from ध्वज (dhvaja) +‎ दण्ड (daṇḍa).

Pronunciation

Noun

جَھنْڈا • (jhanḍā) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਝੰਡਾ)

  1. flag, banner
    Synonyms: پَرْچَم‎ (parcam), پَھریرا‎ (pharerā)

Declension
Declension of جھنڈا
dir. sg. جَھنْڈا‎ (jhanḍā)
dir. pl. جَھنْڈے‎ (jhanḍe)
singular plural
direct جَھنْڈا‎ (jhanḍā) جَھنْڈے‎ (jhanḍe)
oblique جَھنْڈے‎ (jhanḍe) جَھنْڈِیاں‎ (jhanḍiyāṉ)
vocative جَھنْڈِیا‎ (jhanḍiyā) جَھنْڈِیو‎ (jhanḍiyo)
ablative جَھنْڈِیوں‎ (jhanḍiyoṉ) —
locative جَھنْڈے‎ (jhanḍe) —
instrumental جَھنْڈے‎ (jhanḍe) —

References
  1. Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “*dhvajadaṇḍa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Further reading
  • “جھنڈا‎”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2023
  • Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002), “جھنڈا‎”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz

Urdu

Etymology

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit *𑀥𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀡𑁆𑀟 (*dhajjaṇḍa) + Middle Indo-Aryan -𑀓- (-ka-), from Sanskrit *ध्वजदण्ड (dhvajadaṇḍa, “flagstaff”)[1], from ध्वज (dhvaja) +‎ दण्ड (daṇḍa). Cognate with Bhojpuri झंडा (jhaṇḍā), Punjabi ਝੰਡਾ (jhaṇḍā) / جَھنْڈا‎ (jhanḍā), Sindhi جَهنڊو‎ / झंडो (jhaṇḍo), Gujarati ઝંડો (jhaṇḍo), Marathi झेंडा (jheṇḍā), Nepali झण्डा (jhaṇḍā).

Pronunciation
  • (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /d͡ʒʱən.ɖɑː/
  • (Deccani) IPA(key): /d͡ʒʱən.ɖɑː/
  • Rhymes: -ɑː
  • Hyphenation: جَھنْ‧ڈا

Noun

جَھنْڈا • (jhanḍā) m (Hindi spelling झंडा)

  1. flag, banner
    ‏جَھنْڈے کو لہراؤ!‎‎
    jhanḍe ko lahrā'o!
    Wave the flag!
    Synonyms: پَرْچَم‎ (parcam), لِوَا‎ (livā)

Declension
Declension of جھنڈا
singular plural
direct جَھنْڈا‎ (jhanḍā) جَھنْڈے‎ (jhanḍe)
oblique جَھنْڈے‎ (jhanḍe) جَھنْڈوں‎ (jhanḍõ)
vocative جَھنْڈے‎ (jhanḍe) جَھنْڈو‎ (jhanḍo)

References
  1. Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “*dhvajadaṇḍa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Further reading
  • “جھنڈا”, in اُردُو لُغَت (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971), “جهنڈا”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
  • “جھنڈا”, in Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English] (in English), Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2023.
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